ANTARCTIC EXPLORATION 



W. S. BRUCE, 1903-1904 



Scotia 



[The course is indicated by red and blue bands.] 



In 1902, the Scotchman, W. S. Bruce, who was in the Ant- 

 arctic in 1893 and in the Arctic on the Jackson-Harmsworth 

 expedition in 1894-1897, induced certain of his countrymen 

 to provide funds to equip the Scotia, a small Norwegian 

 whaler. He left the South Orkneys early in February, 1903, 

 crossed the Antarctic Circle and made extensive soundings. 

 He wintered on the South Orkneys. In January, 1904, addi- 

 tional soundings were begun and, proceeding south, land 

 was discovered in 74 1' S., 22' W. It was named Coats 

 Land, in recognition of support furnished the expedition by 

 the Messrs. Coats, the famous thread manufacturers. 



JEAN CHARCOT, 1903-1905 



Fran fats 

 [The course is not indicated.] 



Dr. Jean Charcot, anxious because Nordenskjold had 

 been obliged to spend a second winter in the south, built 

 the Franfais and organized a relief expedition. He met 

 the Argentine Relief Expedition as it was returning with 

 the Nordenskjold party. Determining, however, that the 

 Franfais should do some Antarctic work before her return, 

 he remained in the South during the seasons of 1903 to 

 1905, charting the western coast of the islands of the Palmer 

 Archipelago. 



E. H. SHACKLETON, 1908-1909 



Nim rod 



[The course, in part, is indicated by red, white and narrow 



blue bands.] 



Early in 1908, Lieutenant Shackleton on board the 

 Nimrod, with a party of about fifteen men, dogs, Siberian 



25 



