54 AMERICAN MUSEUM GUIDE LEAFLETS 



blasl furnaces and chemical plants to convert l>ark. limbs, edgings (Fig. L2) 

 and even sawdust into some valuable product. If near a spool factory, 

 birchlands may be profitable. Km elsior may !><• a paying product of mixed 

 woodland-; the United State- uses annually for excelsior 60,000,000 feet 

 of timber (about 1 ().<)<)() acre- of forest). Each winter there is a large 

 market for Christmas tree-, especially near cities. Dealer- estimate that 

 New York City annually handle- 125 carloads of Christmas tree-, each 

 carload containing 2000 tree-. Large numbers of these come from the 

 Adirondack- and from Canada. Gum picking may bring a considerable 

 sum to dweller- near spruce forests Fig. -11 . The maple sugar and 

 turpentine industries market "by-products" of a woodland without 

 injuring it- timber value, provided in the latter case that the tree- are 

 cut before injury conic- to the chipped tree- from insects or fungi Figs. 

 45 and 16 . 



WORK OF FORESTATION 



FORESTR1 i- of economic interest to landowner- throughout the 

 country, but planting tree- in largest number- must lie with the 

 western farmer on prairie or newly-irrigated land. Each farm 

 there, as well as in the East, should have it- wood lot. In installing tree 

 plantations in these regions, not only must fast-growing trees be chosen 

 l>ut also the young tree- must !><• protected in nurseries until strong enough 

 to endure exposure and until possessing top enough to -hade the ground, for 

 in summer the soil becomes dry. Greatest success has come in raising 

 hardy catalpa .trees (Fig. 17 . A famous experiment with this tree was made 

 on the Yaggy plantation in Reno County. The tree- were grown from ^ad^ 

 and the seedlings were transplanted when one year old between row- of 

 corn to the permanent site. One hundred and twenty acre- were planted 

 in 1890, eighty acres in 1891, two hundred and fortji acre- in Wi_\ Ten 

 years' growth realized a net gain of $197.55 per acre, which amount will he 

 greatly increased by a few year-' delay in harvesting. Hardy catalpa i- a 

 species with known value- in the present market, i. e. tree- six years old 

 produce po-t- valued at ten cent- each: tree- fifteen year- old make tic- 

 worth fifty cent- each, and two or more posts besides; tree- twenty-five 

 years old can he cut for telegraph pole- which may realize fifty dollar- each. 



Tree planting is advisable a- follow-: 



(1). In the forest where pip- made in thinning or in removing a crop 



