APPENDIX IT 



KEY TO SOME OF THE CONE-BEARING TREES OF EASTERN FORESTS 



AND PARKS 



A. Leaves not on the tree through the winter Larch 



i I. mix americana Michx.) 



A \. Leaves on the tree and green through the winter. 

 B Leaves in bundles. 



C. Leaves five in a bundle While Pine 



CC. Leaves fewer than five in bundle. {Pinus strobus L.) 



D. Leaves three in bundle Pilch Pine 



i Pinus rigida Mill j 

 1)1). Leaves two in bundle. 



E. Leaves 1 <> inches long. 



F. Leaves flexible from long conspicuous sheathes. 



Hed Pine (I'm us resinosa Ait ) 



I'd'". Leaves very stiff uistrian Pine 



[Pinus laricio var. austriaca Endl ) 

 EE. Leave- less than two inches long. 



I'. Cones point outward and downward Scotch Pine 



{Pinus sylvestris L.) 



FF. Cones point upward Scrub Pine 



i Pinus banksiana Lamb ) 

 PH. Leaves single in attachment to twig. 



C. Leaves attached alternately all around twig. 



D. Leaves extending in all directions from twig. 

 E. Leaves four sided, sharp pointed. 



F. Leaves bluish green; cones .\ to \\ in. Long, persistent 

 for many years Black Spruce 



I I'll! II llllllillllll P. S. .V P 



FF. Leaves yellowish green; cones 1 to 2 in. long, beginning 



to fall as soon as t he scales open Hed Spruce 



{Picea rubens Sarg.) 



EE. Leaves Hat. blunt Fir Balsam (young branch) 



i Abies balsamea Mill.) 

 Dl). Leaves spreading at sides of twin in two ranks. 



E. Leaves along top of twig minute Hemlock 



i Tsuga ruii'iili nsis ( !arr.) 

 F.K. Leaves along top of twig not reduced in size. 



Fir Balsam (old branch) {Abies balsamea Mill I 



CC. Leaves attached opposite each other or in whorls closely covering the 

 twig. 

 I). Spray Hat. 



E. Cones opening to the base at maturity; scales thin. 



Arboivitc {Thuya ocddentalis L.) 



EE. Cones never Opening to the base: scales thick and beaked. 



White Cedar {Chamcecyparis thyoides Britt.) 



DD. Spray 4-angled Hed (Vila: 



i.l in ijii ru8 virginiana L.) 



11)0 



