PIMA; NAVAJO 35 



missionaries among them for about three centuries, they have retained 

 many of their own rehgious ceremonies. Many objects pertaining to 

 these ceremonies as well as to everyday life are shown in this alcove. 

 In the last case on this side of the hall are examples of Zuni and Acoma 

 pottery. 



At the north end of the hall opposite the Zuni, space is given to an 

 exhibit from the tribes of California. In the large end wall case the 

 baskets of the region are arranged so as to show the various types. 



The Pima, east side of the hall, practiced irrigation, raising by its aid 



^. the corn and beans on which they relied for food and the 



Pima 



cotton which they used for their scanty garments. The 



Papago, with whom they are closely associated, occupied the more arid 



portions of southern Arizona and northern Sonora, securing their living 



from such desert products as the giant cactus, the century plant, the 



yucca and the mesquite and small game. Examples of their food, 



basketry, pottery, and ceremonial articles are shown. 



From the aisle near the Pima-Papago section one catches a glimpse 

 of the home of the Hopi. This large group represents the First Mesa 

 with the village of Walpi. The canvas was painted by Howard McCor- 

 mick and the figures were modeled by Mahonri Young. 



The Navajo, a large and widely scattered tribe, inhabit much of the 



country drained by the San Juan and Little Colorado 

 Navajo ' 



rivers. During the winter they occupy houses like the one 



standing in the large annex, but in milder weather camp with the slight 



shelter of a cliff or a windbreak and shade made of brush. They live 



by raising corn in the moist valley and on the flesh of their numerous 



flocks of sheep. 



They are the present-day blanket makers of North America. They 

 make use of the wool of the sheep they raise, carding, spinning, and weav- 

 ing it by means of the simplest implements and looms. This art is 

 believed to have arisen since the coming of the Spanish and it is known to 

 have passed through several stages in the last sixty years. The older 

 types of blanket here shown contain yarn which was obtained by cutting 

 or ravelling from imported flannels, called in Spanish "bayeta," from 

 which the blankets of this sort receive their name. These are either bright 

 red or old rose in color, resulting from cochineal dye. Several blankets are 

 made of yarn bought ready dyed from the traders and are called German- 

 towns. The greater number, however, contain yarn of native spinning, 

 dyed with native vegetable and mineral dyes. 



The Navajo are also expert silversmiths. Their tools and samples of 

 workmanship are displayed in a case in the center of the hall. 



The Western Apache live along the upper portion of the Gila and 



