WEST WING 



Collections From Africa 



Opening to the north from this hali of North American Archaeology is 

 the African Hall. This differs from other halls in containing besides 

 ethnographical specimens a number of characteristic African mammals. 

 The future extension of the Museum will provide room for groups of 

 African mammals, including elephants. The installation is geographical, 

 i. e., as the \'isitor proceeds through the hall from south to north he 

 meets the tribes that would be found in passing from south to north of 

 Africa, and the west coast is represented along the west wall, the east 

 coast along the east wall. 



There are three aboriginal races in Africa: the Bushmen, the Hotten- 

 tot, and the Negroes. In the north the Negroes have been greatly 

 influenced by Hamitic and Semitic immigrants and become mixed with 

 them. 



At the south end of the Hall the wall is decorated with reproductions 

 of cave-paintings made by the Bushmen, the most ancient and primitive 

 of African natives. These works of art are remarkable for their realism, 

 and should be compared with the reproductions of old European cave- 

 paintings in the tower of the adjoining hall. 



Nothing is more characteristic of the Negro culture, to which the rest 

 of the Hall is devoted, than the art of smelting iron and fashioning iron 

 tools. The process used by the African blacksmith is illustrated in a 

 group near the entrance, on the west side, and the finished products, 

 such as knives, axes, and spears, are amply sho^vn throughout the hall. 

 The knowledge of the iron technique distinguishes the Negro culturally 

 from the American Indian, the Oceanian, and the Australian. 



All the Negroes cultivate the soil, the women doing the actual tilling 

 while the men are hunters and, among pastoral tribes, herders. Cloth- 

 ing is either of skin, bark cloth, or loom-woven plant fiber. The manu- 



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