AUDUBON RELICS 89 



In a window case are shown various stages of the common mosquito, 



Culex, as well as of Anopheles, the carrier of malaria, and 



Mosquitoes Aedes, which is responsible for the spread of yellow fever. 



f^ ^ . In the same case are specimens of other insect carriers, such 



Insect Carriers 



of Disease ^'^ ^^^ ^^^' ^^^ bedbug and the louse. Small cases flanking 



the windows contain specimens of the Cdossinas which 

 transmit sleeping-sickness and the Nagana disease in Africa, and of the 

 ticks which spread Texas fever of cattle and relapsing fever, African 

 fever, and Rocky Mountain spotted fever of man. Nearby are shown 

 maps indicating the area affected l^y the principal tick fever in the United 

 States and a model of a dipping vat used in freeing animals from tick 

 infestation. 



A series of models and diagrams is devoted to the life history of the 



Anopheles mosquito and its relation to malaria. A relief 

 osqui oes ^^^ ^^ ^j^^ State of Arkansas illustrates the coincidence 

 and Malaria r , • 



between low swampy lands and the prevalence of malaria, 



and another shows the heavy incidence of malaria in the vicinity of 

 marshlands near Boston. A small relief map indicates the type and 

 arrangement of drains used for lowering the water level and eliminating 

 mosquito-breeding pools, and diagrams illustrate the progress made in 

 mosquito control in New Jersey and the financial return which has 

 resulted. 



A wall case devoted to the natural history of the mosquito illustrates 

 the world distribution and seasonal prevalence of malaria 



TLTq1q|~|q 3X1(1 



Y jj p and yellow fever in relation to the habits of their mosquito 



hosts, the breeding-places of mosquitoes, the life history 



(shown bj' specimens) and the money cost of malaria to the United 



States. Here are also showii some of the practical methods of control 



by ditching, oiling, stocking with fish, and encouraging enemies such as 



the bat, bite cures, and repellents and finally the practical results in 



the reduction of malaria which have been obtained in Italy. 



A second mosquito case contains a series of small-scale models, 



attractively worked out by Otto Block, illustrating 



on ro o some of the methods and results of tropical sanitation 



Mosquito- . . 



borne Disease ^^ applied to the mosquito-borne chseases, malaria and 



yellow fever. A hospital at Panama is shown as it was 



during the French regime with mosquito-breeding pools all about and 



with the legs of the beds and the flower pots set in cUshes of water 



to keep off the ants. In contrast there is illustrated a modern hospital 



with all stagnant water removed, and wards screened and ventilated. 



Other models show the sanitary squads on the Isthmus which fought 



the yellow-fever mosquito in the town by fumigation, and the malarial 



