90 MILITARY HYGIEXE 



mosquito in the country Ijy ditching and oiUng. The same case con- 

 tains oil paintings of the completed canal and of the camp near Havana 

 where the secret of the transmission of yellow fever was discovered 

 and the foundations of tropical sanitation laid in 1900. Photographs 

 of the four American Army officers, Reed, Carroll, Lazear, and Agra- 

 monte, to whose researches this advance is due. are hung upon the wall 

 nearby. 



One wall case is devoted to the subject of military hygiene, 



which has become of such immediate moment and has, 

 Military i i i i r n i i i • i ^, 



Hveiene °^^ whole, been so successiuily solved durmg thedreat 



AVar. Diagrams illustrate the relative deadliness of disease 

 germs and bullets in earlier wars; and their lesson is reinforced by 

 a representation of the relative importance from injuries in action and 

 from tj'phoid fever during the Spanish War. One company, con- 

 fronted by a cannon, suffers the loss of one man wounded, while the 

 other, facing a tube of t^-phoid germs, has one dead and thirteen in the 

 hospital. Other models show how camp wastes are disposed of. and how 

 water supply is sterilized, and still others, how the soldier's tent is pro- 

 tected against moscjuitoes and how a field hospital is equipped. The 

 field ration of the soldier and the preparation of anti-tj^Dhoid vaccine 

 are illustrated by specimens and models. 



Two tree trunks, one normal and the other infested with fungi as a 



result of mechanical injury, illustrate the important fact 



^'••^^ the the normal plant or animal is able to resist disease, 



, _. while anvthing which tends to lower vital resistance may 



and Disease ' . . 



open the way for the invasion of pathogenic germs. 



The collection of Audul)oniana. or objects relating to the life and 



. J ^ . works of John J. Audubon, presented to the ^Museum by 



Auduboniana • V. ^ r^^ 



his granddaughters, Maria R. and Florence Audubon, 



occupies the stairway hall. It includes original sketches and paintings 

 b}' Audul:)on and his sons, illustrations in various .stages from the Quad- 

 rupeds of North America, and some of the copper plates of the "Birds of 

 North America." The most important piece is a large painting of a 

 covej' of "English"' pheasants, flushed by a clog. Of more personal 

 interest is the gun carried by Audubon on many of his expeditions and 

 a favorite buckskin hunting coat. 



