12 BOOK OF THE SCENTED GARDEN 
Geranium of France, at the end of 50 minutes. 
Origanum, 3 so, 2) SOP errs 
Patchouli, - ne 5: COmm aes 
Zeodary, 33°. har enOiee 
Absinthe, Se 
Sandal-wood, ee ee 
EssENTIAL OILs AS ANTISEPTICS 
Professor Riedlin reports, as to the results of his 
experiments, that the essential oils which have the 
greatest antiseptic value are ‘‘oil of Lavender, Euca- 
lyptus, Rosemary, and Cloves. As to Eucalyptol its 
efficiency as an antiseptic has been popularly much over- 
rated.” Thus Chabannes and Perret found a 5 per cent. 
solution had no effect whatever on tubercle bacilli in 
sputum; and, according to Behring, Eucalyptol is about 
four times less active as a disinfectant than is carbolic 
acid. 
ARTIFICIAL OR CHEMICAL PERFUMES 
Apart from animal perfumes such as musk, civet, 
castor, and ambergris, and the vegetable odours derived 
from flowers, leaves, roots, fruits, or seeds, there are 
a few purely chemical perfumes, such as nitrobenzol, 
attar of mirbane (or false almond), vanillin (or methy]l- 
protocatechnic aldehyde), coumarin (or coumaric an- 
hydride), and a few others, such as ‘ hemerocalle,” 
‘‘bromelia,” ‘‘aubepin,” etc., not as yet much used or 
sold. ‘Tielman and Hermann, in Germany, first made 
“vanillin” from pine-tree sawdust; and Dr C. R. 
Alder Wright afterwards made it from crude opium. 
The chemical ‘‘ vanillin” is forty times stronger than 
the natural product, and is worth about 22s. per oz. 
Coumarin (Tonquin-bean odour) is also now made 
chemically, and costs about 9s. per oz. 
