54 CHRONOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS 



on an obelisk, now at Rome ; and on movable articles, now in the 

 museums of Europe ; together with the date of the fourth year of his 

 reign. 



In one instance, the oval including the hieroglyphic name of King 

 Psamtik II., is accompanied with an inscription in Assyrian, or cunei- 

 form writing. 



The name of Hophra, the seventh king of the Twenty-Sixth Egyp- 

 tian Dynasty, has been found on the rocks near Philas ; on stones 

 employed in building the citadel at Cairo ; on an obelisk, now at 

 Rome ; and on movable articles, now in the museums of Europe. 

 King Hophra is mentioned in Jeremiah xliv. 30. He is the Apries 

 of Herodotus. 



The nAinNiA or tatkysiah, mentioned by Pliny as one of the earliest 

 known medicinal plants, and noticed also in the Hippocratic writings 

 (De superf. 20, and De mul. morb. 56), and by Theophrastus, Dios- 

 corides, and Paulus iEgineta, is admitted to be one or more species 

 of -peony (Paeonia). — Alpinus and Forskal (Mat. Med.) speak of the 

 medicinal use in Egypt of "paeonia" roots and seeds : and the P. offi- 

 cinalis and P. corallina were seen by Sibthorp, indigenous on the 

 mountains of Greece. 



The A*iN0in, mentioned by Pliny xxvii. 28, as known to the Ro- 

 mans from the earliest times, and noticed also by Euripedes, Theo- 

 phrastus, Diphilus, Dioscorides, and Athenseus iv. 9, is admitted to 

 be the Artemisia absinthium. — Forskal enumerates "melh afsantin" 

 among the articles of the Egyptian materia medica; and according to 

 Clot-Bey and Figari, the living plant has been long known in Egypt. 



In " B. C. 569" (Clinton), the accession of Aahmes or Amasis, the 

 eighth king of the Twenty-Sixth Egyptian Dynasty, took place. His 

 name has been found at Elephantine; on the rocks near Philae; on 

 stones employed in building the citadel at Cairo ; and on various mov- 

 able articles now in the museums of Europe : among the accompany- 

 ing dates, one is in the forty-fourth year of his reign. The first intro- 

 duction of Greek architecture into Egypt, is perhaps to be referred to 

 the reign of Aahmes : for he permitted the Greeks to build a temple 

 at Naucratis, near one of the mouths of the Nile. He also put an 

 end to the independence of Cyprus (Herodotus ii. 178 and 182). 



According to Herodotus iii. 47, Aahmes sent to Greece a cuirass 

 composed partly of " eirioisi apo xylo," or cotton (Gossypium) . — The 

 "krps" of Esther i. 6, may also be compared with "karpas," given 



