ON INTRODUCED ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 55 



by D'Rozario as the Bengali name of cotton : and Herodotus, in an- 

 other place (iii. 106), speaks of a "tree growing in India, which in- 

 stead of fruit produces wool, out of which the inhabitants make their 

 clothes." Some centuries later, as appears from Pliny and others, the 

 living plant was introduced into Egypt. 



Jao de Sousa* enumerates the ingredients used by the Arab settlers 

 of Spain and Portugal in composing the "bachur" ointment: in the 

 name, we recognise the bakxapis of Hipponax, Simonides, iEschylus, 

 Ion, Achseus, Epilycus, Cephisodorus, and Atheneeus xv. 40. 



The kokkomhaon of Hipponax, Aristophanes, and Theophrastus, 

 according to the received opinion and Sibthorp's account of the Greek 

 usage, is the garden plum (Prunus domestica). — Theophrastus like- 

 wise mentions the plum under the name of " proyne :" at the present 

 day, several varieties of the plum are cultivated in Egypt; though 

 according to Clot-Bey and Figari, the fruit is of inferior quality. 



The min0h of Hipponax, Theophrastus, and others, according to the 

 received opinion and Scarlatus' account of the Greek usage, is one or 

 more species oi mint (Mentha). — The M. glabrata and M. saliva, were 

 seen by Delile in gardens at Cairo. 



The pa<i>anoz of Hipponax, Ananias, and Epicharmus, is referred by 

 Athenaeus and others to the "krambe" of the Batrachomyomachia, 

 Timoeus, Apollodorus Carystius, and Nicander; the "koroumb" of 

 modern Egypt, or the cabbage (Brassica oleracea). — The "goggylis' 

 of Aristophanes and others, may be compared with the turnip-rooted 

 variety. At the time of Alpinus' visit, only two varieties of the cab- 

 bage were known in Egypt, the " brassica raposa" and the cauliflower. 

 In "karnabid," the Egyptian name of the cauliflower, we recognise 

 the "karnabadion" of Florentinus and the Geoponica ix. 28, and the 

 "koynoypidi" of the modern Greeks. 



In Egypt, the squill (Scilla maritima) is called " askyl ;" in which 

 word, we recognise the "skilla" of Pythagoras (as quoted by Pliny 

 xix. 30), and of Theognis 537, and other Greek writers. Fresh 

 bulbs of the S. maritima, were brought from the Desert to Delile at 

 Alexandria. 



According to Pliny xx. 87, Pythagoras commended the penetrating 

 power of the "sinapi;" usually referred, together with the "napy" of 

 Aristophanes and Theophrastus, to the mustard. — Pliny further alludes 



* Jao de Sousa, Vestig. Arab. Lisbon, 1789. 



