ON INTRODUCED ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 63 



In " B. C. 425," the accession of Xerxes II., the sixth Persian king 

 who ruled Egypt, took place. His reign was brief; and in the same 

 year, he was succeeded by Sogdianus. 



In " B. C. 424," the accession of Nteriusch II., or Darius II., the 

 eighth Persian king who ruled Egypt, took place. His name has been 

 found in hieroglyphic characters on the monuments. 



The nisoN of Eupolis, Aristophanes, Antiphanes, Theophrastus, 

 Pliny, and Athenaeus ix. 71 and 10, according to the received opinion, 

 is the garden-pea (Pisum sativum). — Alpinus enumerates the garden- 

 pea in his list of the esculent plants of Egypt. 



The 4>aomoz of Eupolis, Aristotle viii., Dioscorides, and Macrobius, 

 according to the received opinion and Sibthorp's account of the Greek 

 usage, is one or more species of mullein (Verbascum). — The V. sinua- 

 tum was seen in Egypt by Delile, and by Clot-Bey and Figari. 



In "B.C. 414" (Clinton), the Egyptians recovered their indepen- 

 dence. Their leader Amyrtaeus, or Meritetnacht, is regarded as the 

 sole king of the Twenty-Eighth Dynasty : and his name has been found 

 in hieroglyphic characters on the monuments. 



As the reign of Amyrtaeus is said to have lasted only " six years," 

 Clinton's computation will give B. C. 408 for the accession of Nepberites, 

 the first king of the Twenty-Ninth Egyptian Dynasty. Nepberites is 

 also mentioned by Diodorus xiv. 79. 



The icons of Aristophanes (Nub. 630), according to the received 

 opinion, is the Oimex lectularius. — The " cimex" of Catullus and Pliny, 

 and the " lectuli bestias" of Tertullian (Adv. Marcion i. 14), may also 

 be referred to this insect : which, at the present day, is well known in 

 Egypt. 



According to Athenaeus ix. 37, the pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus) 

 is mentioned by Aristophanes, Epeenetus, Mnesimachus, and Agathar- 

 chides Cnidius. — Callixenus states, that pheasants were carried at 

 Alexandria in the festival of Ptolemy Philadelphus. 



The <MATrA of Aristophanes, Xenarchus, and Athenaaus xii. 76 and 

 xv. 24, according to the received opinion and Sibthorp's account of the 

 Greek usage, is the linden (Tilia Europaea). — Forskal mentions the 

 importation of timber of the linden into Egypt. 



The s*enaamnos of Aristophanes (Acharn. 181), Theophrastus, and 

 others, according to the received opinion, is one or more species of 

 maple (Acer). — The A. campestre, is enumerated by Clot-Bey and 

 Figari, among the trees planted in gardens at Cairo. 



