36 CHRONOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS 



Dynasty, has been found in his tomb at Bab-el-Meluk ; and on other 

 monuments ; together with the date of the second year of his reign. 



The name of Ramses XII., the eleventh king of the IVentieth 

 Egyptian Dynasty, has been found in his tomb at Bab-el-Meluk : a 

 great religious procession, which took place during his reign, is repre- 

 sented at Gurna. 



From the etymology, it has been conjectured, that Jephthah's 

 daughter became the Iphigeneia of the Greeks. Homer, it is worthy 

 of remark, is silent respecting Iphigeneia. 



The name of Ramses XIII., the twelfth king of the Twentieth 

 Egyptian Dynasty, has been found in his tomb at Bab-el-Meluk. 



The inscriptions on the Tripods of Amphitryon and Laodamas, seen 

 and copied by Herodotus v. 59 and 61, were in the "Cadmean Letters," 

 and in pure alphabetic writing. 



The same inscriptions are perhaps the most ancient specimens of 

 Greek literature, at present known. — Homer speaks of hymns to the 

 gods, recited during the Trojan war ; and gives the name of one of 

 the poets who preceded him, Thamyris (II. i. 472 and ii. 594). 



Hercules is regarded by Homer and Clinton (i. p. 78) as a real 

 historical personage ; a military chieftain, who wore armour, led an 

 army, and who died " twenty-six years before the fall of Troy." 



The lioney-bee (Apis), is mentioned in the history of Samson (Judges 

 xiv.) — And among Greek writers, by Homer and Hesiod. 



The end of the Trojan war is placed by Callimachus in B. C. 1127 

 (Clinton i. p. 140) : and Manetho identifies the Pharaoh of the Odys- 

 sey with King Thuoris. If in the Africano-Manetho Table of chro- 

 nology, Ave count downwards from the "fifth year of Concharis" or 

 Acherres (the completion of the cycle), the above date will fall in the 

 first year of King Thuoris. If, however, we count from the same 

 point in Josephus, the last year of King Thuoris will fall in B. C. 1072; 

 and the difference, will be 55 years 10 months.* 



* This difference or uncertainty of 56 years or fourteen olympiads, often makes its 

 appearance in the chronological computations of the Greeks. According to Africanus, The 

 first registered olympiad (B. C. 77G) was the Fourteenth : and we find the difference of 

 fourteen full olympiads, in the Olympiad of Iphitus, placed by Callimachus and Africanus 

 in B. C. 828, and by Eratosthenes in B. C. 884; and in the Fall of Troy, placed by Callima- 

 chus and Africanus in B. C. 1127, and by Eratosthenes in B. C. 1183. Phanias of Eresus 

 omitted " fifty-five years" between the Beturn of the Heraclidae and the registered 

 Olympiads (Clinton i. p. 128 and 139) ; and we find the latter interval, between B. C. 

 1257, the date assigned by Callimachus to Cadmus, and B. C. 1312, given by Hales as 

 the current Jewish date of the Exodus. 



