32 CHRONOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS 



The " slvyh" of Genesis ii. 5 and xxi. 15, and Job xxx. 4 and 7 

 may be compared with the " schea" of Haly Abbas and Avicenna, and 

 with "shyeh," the current Egyptian name of the Artemisia Judaica. — 

 This is an indigenous plant of the Desert of Suez and Palestine ; but, 

 according to Delile, is collected and sold for medicinal purposes at 

 Cairo. 



The " kwtz" of Genesis iii. 18, Isaiah xxxii. 13, and Jeremiah iv. 3, 

 may be compared with " kus," the current Egyptian name (according 

 to Forskal) of Senecio Arabians. — This plant was found by Forskal 

 and Delile, growing as a weed at Cairo. The S. vulgaris was also seen 

 by Delile at Damietta. 



The " drdr" of Genesis iii. 18, and Hosea x. 8, may be compared 

 with " tartir," the current Egyptian name of one or more Salsolaceous 

 plants ; incuding the Salsola articulata, and (according to Delile) the 

 Suceda hortensis. — The first of these is confined to the Desert ; but the 

 latter, according to Forskal, becomes a weed in the gardens of Cairo 

 and Yemen. 



The " zyt" of Genesis viii. 11, Exodus xxvii. 20, Leviticus xxiv. 2, 

 Judges ix. 9, and Micah vi. 15, maybe compared with "zeytoon," the 

 current Egyptian name of the olive (Olea Europea). — The " elaia" or 

 olive, is mentioned by Homer : but in the time of Tarquinius Priscus 

 (according to Fenestella), was unknown in Italy, Spain, or Barbary. 

 Pliny speaks of trees growing around the Egyptian Thebes. 



The " gml" of Genesis xii. 16 and xxxvii. 25, Leviticus xi. 4, Deute- 

 ronomy xiv. 7, Judges vii. 12 and viii. 26, 1 Kings x. 2, and Job. i. 3, 

 is admitted to be the " djemmel" of modern Egypt, or the camel 

 (Camelus dromas) . — The camel is figured at Nineveh, and on the Him- 

 yaritic monuments of Yemen ; but not on the Egyptian monuments. 

 This exclusion may have been through design ; for the Egyptians 

 during some centuries appear to have prevented the diffusion of the 

 camel in the West. Herodotus speaks of the camel only as inhabiting 

 the East ; and in the time of the Eomans, the animal was so rare in 

 Numidia as to be only once mentioned (Cassar, Bell. Afr. 68). Its final 

 introduction, carrying population into districts previously uninhabi- 

 table, must have produced a revolution in society throughout North 

 Africa. 



The " oadsh" of Genesis xxv. 34, 2 Samuel xvii. 28 and xxiii. 11, 

 and Ezekiel iv. 9, may be compared with "a'ds,"the current Egyptian 

 name of the lentil (Ervum lens) . — Lentil pottage, conspicuous from its 



