22 CHRONOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS 



By the figures of the horse. Sieges and military campaigns (con- 

 ducted on foot) are occasionally represented on the anterior monu- 

 ments ; but with the acquisition of the horse, a change appears to 

 have taken place in the national character; and the Egj'ptians became 

 a warlike and conquering people; leaving on their monuments, ample 

 illustration of the so-called " Heroic Ages." 



The name of Amenatep, Aminadab or Amenophis, the second king 

 of the Seventeenth Dynasty, has been found on various monuments 

 (some of them, according to Champollion-Figeac, recording foreign 

 wars) : his memory was held in veneration in after times ; and a 

 statue of this king is now in the Museum at Turin. Amenatep built 

 a portion of the temple at Karnak (De Rouge) ; and the queen asso- 

 ciated with him on the monuments (Lepsius, III. PL 1), appears to 

 have been of the Nubian or the proper Ethiopian race. 



A box for holding small sepulchral images, dated in this reign, is 

 mentioned by Birch, as the earliest instance hitherto discovered of 

 the custom of depositing these images. They are all inscribed with 

 the same extract from the Ritual. 



According to Champollion-Figeac, Tetmes, the third king of the 

 Seventeenth Dynasty, built the most ancient portion of the temple at 

 Medinet Habu ; also, a cave-temple at Ibrim, in Nubia ; and a mag- 

 nificent colossal statue of this king, is now in the Museum at Turin. 



Clusters of a red fruit, not unlike that of the lote tree (Zizyphus lotus), 

 are figured in a tomb at El Kab. — This tree is usually considered to be 

 the "loton" celebrated by Homer (Od. ix. 97) : and the modern Egyp- 

 tians have a traditional assertion, that it bears " the finest of all 

 known fruits." 



Crops of a brown-headed grain, pulled while the stems are green, 

 in these respects resembling the millet (Echinochloa Italica), are 

 figured in the same tomb; but the single terminal head, and in a 

 second representation (in a royal tomb of the Nineteenth Dynasty) 

 the superior height, agree better with Penrdsetum typhoideum ; espe- 

 cially, as the latter plant has its spike always erect, and in some 

 varieties ovoid. — The Pennisetum bears the same Egyptian name as 

 the millet ; and hence arises a difficulty in tracing its history. It is, 

 however, distinctly figured by Dodonaeus. 



Foreigners belonging to the "White Race, are represented in the state 

 of servitude in the same tomb. 



Tetmes II., the fourth king of the Seventeenth Dynasty, maxle addi- 



