ON INTRODUCED ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 21 



Egypt before obtaining possession of Asia Minor; and, Why Alex- 

 ander would not move against Persia without first securing Egypt. 

 The very latest invader of Egypt had scarcely established himself 

 at Cairo, before he adopted the Egyptian View, and shaped his 

 measures accordingly (see Thiers, Hist. Revol. Francaise). 



The Hyksos kings were counted as an Egyptian Dynasty, and the 

 names of some of them are given by Manetho ; but no building erected 

 by their orders, has been identified. It further appears, that during 

 the rule and oppression of the Hyksos or " Shepherds," the legitimate 

 Egyptian kings maintained their line of succession, and perhaps, in 

 Upper Egypt, some independence. 



The name of Sekennen-raken, an Egyptian king, apparently of the 

 Fifteenth or Sixteenth Dynasty, has been found in one of the tombs at 

 El Kab ; but not on a contemporaneous monument. 



According to Manetho, At the end of five hundred and eleven years, 

 and after protracted wars, the Hyksos were expelled from the greater 

 part of Egypt, and were hemmed up in the before-mentioned strong- 

 hold on the Northeastern frontier. 



The Turin papyrus ends here, after enumerating some two hundred 

 and fifty successive kings; among whom, Lepsius found sixty-five 

 belonging to the Hyksos Period. — Seeming allusions or traditionary 

 reminiscences of the Hyksos, occur in Genesis xlvi. and xlvii., and in 

 Herodotus ii. 128. 



V. EGYPT UNDER THE PHARAOHS. 



The Egyptian king who recovered his authority, appears to have 

 been Aahmes, the head of the Seventeenth Dynasty. According to 

 Champollion-Figeac, the epitaph of one of his military officers con- 

 tains an allusion to wars in Lower Egypt ; and inscriptions at Massara, 

 dated in the twenty-second year of his reign, record the opening of 

 quarries for the repair of temples at Memphis. A portrait of King 

 Aahmes, has been found on a stela, now in the Museum at Mar- 

 seilles. 



The rearing of temples, is not the only change that now takes place 

 in Monumental History. Figures of gods are no longer rare ; but the 

 sculptures teem with manifestations of idolatry and polytheism. Were, 

 however, all other marks wanting, the Pharaonic structures might 

 readily be recognised, 



