ON INTRODUCED ANIMALS AND PLANTS. 79 



crow's-foot ; which being translated into Greek, becomes the KornNo- 

 noTs of Theophrastus. — The "kyaneon chelidonion" of Theocritus 

 xiii., may also be compared. The G. violaceum was seen by Sib- 

 thorp in Greece and Cyprus ; and by Forskal and Delile, growing spon- 

 taneously at Alexandria. 



In Egypt, according to Forskal, the Erodium malacoides is called 

 "garna" or "djarna;" in which word we recognise the tepanion of 

 Theophrastus, Dioscorides, Athenams, and Paulus ^Egineta. The 

 " habhasis " of Leo Africanus v., may also be compared with "kabsjie," 

 the Egyptian name (according to Forskal) of the E. crassifolmm. These 

 two plants are considered indigenous by Forskal ; and in addition, the 

 E. reflexum and E. glabellum were seen by Delile, growing spontaneously 

 at Alexandria, 



The HAioTromoN of Theophrastus, Nicander, Varro, and Dioscorides, 

 is referred by Sibthorp and others to the Heliotropium Europceum. — 

 This plant was seen by Forskal and Delile, growing spontaneously at 

 Alexandria. The H. supinum was also seen by Sibthorp in the Grecian 

 Archipelago ; and by Forskal and Delile, growing spontaneously at 

 Alexandria and Cairo. 



In Egypt, the Plantago major is called " lissan el-hamal " or lamb's- 

 tongue ; which being translated into Greek, becomes the ATNorAnssoN 

 of Theophrastus vii. 9 and 10, Dioscorides, and Macer Floridus. 



The AAnAGON ArrioN of Theophrastus vii. 2, perhaps includes more 

 than one species of dock (Rumex). — The Rumex obtusifolius was 

 seen by Sibthorp in Greece ; and by Forskal, both at Constantinople, 

 and growing spontaneously at Cairo. 



The ANArA<j>Asis of Theophrastus, Diodes, Dioscorides, and Athe- 

 naeus ii. 57, is usually referred to the garden orache (Atriplex horten- 

 sis). — This plant was seen by Sibthorp at Constantinople ; and by 

 Hasselquist, " in gardens at Damietta." Alpinus enumerates the 

 "atriplex" among the esculent plants of Egypt. 



The aa©aia of Theophrastus, Dioscorides, and Paulus ^Egineta, is 

 usually referred to the Althcea officinalis. — The A. officinalis was seen 

 by Sibthorp in Greece ; but according to Clot-Bey and Figari, has been 

 only recently introduced into Egypt. The A. Ludwigii, was seen by 

 Delile in fields near the ancient Bubastis ; and the A. cannabina, was 

 seen in Egypt by Forskal. 



The OHTAKAN0A of Theophrastus, Dioscorides, and Galen, according 

 to the received opinion and Sibthorp's account of the Greek usage, is 

 the barberry (Berberis vulgaris). — This is a Northern plant ; but the 



