90 CHRONOLOGICAL OBSERVATIONS 



The KAnNoc of Dioscorides, Pliny, Galen, and Paulus iEgineta, ac- 

 cording to the received opinion and Sibthorp's account of the Greek 

 usage, is one or more species of Fumaria. — The Fumaria officinalis, 

 has a native name, and is enumerated by Forskal and Delile among 

 the weeds of Egypt. The F. cdpreolata and F. parviflora, were also 

 seen by Delile, growing spontaneously at Alexandria and Cairo. 



The aakea of Dioscorides, Pliny, and Paulus iEgineta, is usually re- 

 ferred to the Malva alcea. — This plant was seen in Greece by Gittard 

 and Bory de St. Vincent ; and according to Clot-Bey and Figari, has 

 been long known in Egypt. 



The easinh KiccAMnEAoc of Dioscorides and Paulus iEgineta, is 

 referred by Sibthorp to the Antirrhinum JEgyptiacum. — This plant 

 was seen by Sibthorp in cultivated ground in the Grecian Archi- 

 pelago ; and by Forskal and Delile, in the Egyptian Desert. The 

 A. elatine was also seen by Sibthorp in the cultivated fields of Greece 

 and Cyprus ; and by Delile, growing spontaneously at Alexandria. 



The nEnAoc of Dioscorides, is usually referred to the Euphorbia 

 peplus. — This plant was seen by Sibthorp in Greece; and is enume- 

 rated by Forskal, Delile, and others, among the weeds of Egypt. 



The ti©ymaaoc HAiocKonioc of Dioscorides, Rufus Ephesius, and 

 Paulus iEgineta, is referred by Sibthorp to the Euphorbia helioscopia. — 

 This plant was seen by Delile, growing spontaneously around Cairo, 

 and also in Upper Egypt. 



The AEiznN mikpon of Dioscorides, according to the received opinion, 

 is one or more species of Sedum. — The Sedum confertum was seen by 

 Forskal and Delile in gardens at Cairo. 



In Egypt, the Lemna polyrhiza is called " ads el-ma," or water lentil ; 

 which being translated into Greek, becomes the "aquatic *akoc" of 

 Dioscorides, Pliny, and Paulus iEgineta. The L. polyrhiza and L. 

 gibbub, were seen by Delile, growing spontaneously at Rosetta; but 

 they may have been originally Northern plants. 



The aaicma of Dioscorides and Pliny, is referred by Sibthorp and 

 others to the Alisma plantago. — This is a semi-aquatic Northern plant; 

 seen however by Delile, growing spontaneously at Rosetta. 



The <t>AAAVic of Dioscorides, Pliny, Galen, and Paulus iEgineta, is 

 referred by Sibthorp and others to the Phalaris Canariensis. — The 

 " anemochorton " of Nicolaus Myrepsus, according to Forskal's account 

 of the Greek usage, is the same plant. This grass was seen by Hassel- 

 quist, Forskal, and Delile, growing spontaneously in Lower Egypt. 



