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THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. [Vol. XXXVIII. 



sharply pointed and of the characteristic gothic style of the 

 adult. 



The coloring of the larva has been altered by the addition 

 of blue pigment cells over the carapace and legs. The tips of 

 the big claws are no longer crimson but dark red owing to the 

 fineness of the pigment reticulum there. The yolk coloring is 

 gone but the long green hepato-pancreatic areas and the blue 

 "crab's eye " regions show through the carapace. 



When these young escape from their connection to the 

 mother they leave behind upon her pleopods the old egg cases 

 and stalks, and the first and second larval skins. These, how- 

 ever, all disappear before very long, but it was not observed 

 whether the female removed them or whether the young may 

 have taken part in tearing them off. The young continue to 

 crawl about upon the pleopods for about a week and before the 

 end of that time the pleopods are cleared of remnants of egg 



These free larvae do not, however, remain continuously upon 

 the mother but gradually make longer and wider excursions into 

 the outer world, returning again and again to the mother. ^ 

 Three hours after moulting some larvee were found walking 

 about on the bottom of the aquarium and when disturbed they 

 leaped backward several inches with great speed. When the 

 female was lifted up all the young clung fast to the pleopods, 

 but when she was left quiet a few minutes several of the young 

 came off and walk about. The female gave no sign of knowing 

 of the existence of the young but when she walked over a loose 

 larva it turned upon its back, when touched by the pendent mass 

 of young and quickly chmbed up amongst the others. But 

 attempts to make the young climb up on to bits of cloth or even 

 shed skins held in a forceps were not successful. 



In occasionally swinging the pleopods back and forth the 

 mother was seen to wipe off against the bottom of the tank one 

 of -the great number of scrambling young that crowd the 

 pleopods. Such a one at once turned over from its back on to 

 its feet and walked, though it would appear that it probably had 

 had no experience of horizontal surfaces. 



The young that walk on the bottom of the aquarium do not 



