No. 454-] .'lX.17()Ar\' ()/■' I'll I'. 



of the peduncle ot ccrlam tossi 

 mean that such structures rrprcsc 



gymnosperms, and then- ()ri;cini/;i 

 late period m the evolution ol tli 

 pretation of observed tac Ls is n) 



a pro<:jressive develo])ment tioin 



as found in Pinus. 1 hat ther 

 doubted and we must mterpret it 

 pu)<,aessivc evolution oi as jMo^u 

 arguments all seem to be \ei\ en 

 support to the former vieu', m.> 



by the development ot the rcsm ] 

 moment that the latter view is tlv 

 it would lead us. It would hr 

 reversal of the structural secin- 

 impose the necessity ol ]ilu.inL; 

 of the scale, while those ,^encia 

 etc., which have no resin tells 



instant opposition even tiom the 

 resin passage has pieceded the 

 structures. The whole question 

 ognition of what constitutes the 

 of the stem structure, and ihei 

 structural changes are initiated 

 dence of both paLneobotany and i 

 facts with great force and throw? 

 are as follows : 



