BONES OF THE THORACIC LIMB 147 
curves over the groove. The groove is undivided. The distal articular surface 
is decidedly oblique, and the grooves and ridge are very well marked. The coro- 
noid and olecranon foss are deep and wide. The condyloid crest is represented by 
a rough raised area. The proximal end unites with the shaft at three and one-half 
to four years, and the distal at about one and one-half years. 
The radius is short and relatively broad. It is somewhat oblique, the distal 
end being nearer the median plane than the proximal. The curvature is more 
pronounced below than above. The shaft is prismatic in its middle part and has 
Fic. 145.—Lerr Humervs or Ox; 
LATERAL VIEW. 
1, Head; 2, neck; 3, 3’, lateral 
tuberosity; 4, rough prominence for 
attachment of infraspinatus tendon; 
5, deltoid tuberosity; 6, coronoid 
fossa; 7, lateral condyle; 8, lateral 
epicondyle; 9, medial epicondyle; 
Tic. 146—Lerr Humervs or Ox; 
ANTERIOR VIEW. 
1, Lateral tuberosity; 2, medial 
tuberosity; 3, intertuberal groove; 
4, rough prominence for attach- 
ment of infraspinatus tendon; 5, 
deltoid tuberosity; 6, teres tubercle; 
7, musculo-spiral groove; 8, coro- 
Fic. 147.—Lerr Rapivus anp ULNA 
or Ox; PosTERO-MEDIAL VIEW. 
i, Olecranon; 2, processus an- 
conus; 3, semilunar notch; 4, 
proximal extremity of radius; 5, 5’, 
proximal and distal interosseous 
spaces; 6, shaft of radius; 7, shaft 
of ulna; 8, vascular groove; 9, sty- 
10, olecranon fossa. noid fossa; 9, medial condyle; 10, 
lateral condyle. 
loid process of ulna. 
dorsal, volar, and lateral faces. There is a marked increase in width and thickness 
distally. The proximal articular surface presents a synovial fossa which extends 
medially from the deep groove between the two glenoid cavities. The radial 
tuberosity is represented by a slightly elevated rough area. The facets for the ulna 
are larger than in the horse. The two bones commonly fuse above the proximal 
interosseous space and always fuse below it, except near the distal end, where there 
is a small distal interosseous space. A groove connects the two spaces laterally. 
The distal extremity is large, and is thickest medially. Its articular surface is 
oblique in two directions, 7. e., from within upward and backward. The grooves 
