286 FASCL4 AND MUSCLES OF THE HORSE 
and ninth costal cartilages to the xiphoid cartilage. From these points of origin 
the fibers curve inward and forward to join the tendinous center.' The right crus 
is about twice as thick as the left one and is also longer. It arises by a strong tendon 
Longissimus dorsi 
Lumbar transverse 
proce SS 
Costal arch 
Musculo-phrenic 
artery 
Transversus 
abdominalis (cut 
edge ) 
Niphoid cartilage 
(de presse d) 
Fic. 275.—Dr1arpHraGMm oF Horse; ABDOMINAL SURFACE. 
1, Ventral longitudinal ligament; 2, 2’, tendons of crura; 3,lumbar sympathetic trunks; 4, external spermatic 
nerve; 5, 5, great splanchnic nerves; 6, cisterna chyli (opened); 7, 7, cesophageal continuations of vagus nerves; 
8, lymph-gland; 9, coronary ligament of liver (cut); 10, right lateral ligament of liver (cut); 11, left lateral ligament of 
liver (cut); 12, falciform ligament of liver (cut); A.v., lumbo-costal arch; N.i., intercostal nerve; C.d., right erus; 
C.s., left crus; A, aorta; Ca, eceliac artery; Oe., esophagus; V.c., posterior vena cava; V.p., phrenic veins. (After 
Schmaltz, Atlas d. Anat. d. Pferdes.) 
which blends with the ventral longitudinal ligament. The tendon is succeeded by 
a rounded belly which leaves the vertebral column at the last thoracie vertebra. 
+ It is interesting to note that when a nineteenth rib is present (even when it is well developed) 
the diaphragm has no connection with it, but ends on the eighteenth rib at a point a little more 
ventral than usual. 
