350 THE MUSCLES OF THE OX 
of the hip and the lumbo-dorsal fascia.) The aponeurosis is intimately united with 
the abdominal tunic, and does not detach a femoral lamina. 
The obliquus abdominis internus is more developed and has an additional 
origin from the lumbo-dorsal fascia. The aponeurosis blends with that of the 
external oblique near the linea alba, and detaches a layer which assists in the for- 
mation of the internal sheath of the rectus. 
The rectus abdominis arises on the lateral border of the sternum as far for- 
ward as the third costal cartilage. The two muscles are separated, except near 
the pelvis, by an interval varying from two to four inches (ca. 5 to 10 em.), so that 
this part of the abdominal wall is entirely fibrous. (The umbilicus is in a trans- 
verse plane through the third lumbar vertebra.) There are five tendinous inscrip- 
tions, at the third of which is a foramen for the passage of the subcutaneous ab- 
dominal vein. The prepubic tendon has, in addition to lateral branches inserted 
Fic. 304.—Derrrer Mouscies or NECK, SHOULDER, AND THORAX OF Ox. 
c’, Cleido-occipitalis muscle; d, sterno-cephalicus; f, f’, long and lateral heads of triceps; g, superficial pectoral 
muscle; h, h’, deep pectoral muscle; i, 7’, serratus ventralis; 4, latissimus dorsi; 1, obliquus abdominis externus; 0’, 
biceps brachii; w, splenius; x, rhomboideus; y, longissimus capitis et atlantis; 2, supraspinatus; 2’, infraspinatus; 
2’, tendon of insertion of 2’; 1’, cartilage of scapula; 2, tuberosity of spine of scapula; 3, acromion; 4, lateral tuberosity 
of humerus; 6, deltoid tuberosity; 8, olecranon; 26, transverse processes of cervical vertebra; 27, posterior auricular 
muscles: X, wing of atlas. (After Ellenberger-Baum, Anat. fiir Kiinstler.) 
into the ilio-pectineal eminences, a strong attachment to the median common ten- 
don of the adductors of the thigh, so that the abdominal wall is strongly retracted 
and almost vertical at its junction with the pubis. 
The transversus abdominis presents no striking differential features. The 
transversalis fascia is strong and distinct except over the diaphragm. 
MUSCLES OF THE THORACIC LIMB 
I. MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE 
The trapezius is much thicker and broader than in the horse, and is undivided. 
It arises on the ligamentum nuchz and supraspinous ligament, from the atlas to 
the twelfth thoracic vertebra. 
