LATERAL MUSCLES OF THE HIP AND THIGH 355 
Il. LATERAL MUSCLES OF THE HIP AND THIGH (Figs. 303, 309) 
The tensor fascie late is large, and the fleshy part extends further down than 
in the horse. 
The gluteus superficialis is not present as such; apparently its anterior part 
has fused with the tensor fascize latee and its posterior part with the biceps femoris. 
The gluteus medius is small, the lumbar part being insignificant and extend- 
ing forward only to the fourth lumbar vertebra. Its deep portion (gluteus ac- 
cessorius) is easily separable, and its strong tendon is inserted into the femur below 
the trochanter major, under cover of the upper 
part of the vastus lateralis. 
The gluteus profundus is thin, but exten- 
sive, arising as far forward as the tuber cox, 
and from the lower part of the sacro-sciatic liga- 
ment. The fibers converge on a broad, strong 
tendon which passes under the upper part of 
the vastus lateralis, and is inserted into a tu- 
bercle a short distance below the great tro- 
chanter. 
The biceps femoris is very wide at its 
upper part, having apparently absorbed the 
posterior part of the superficial gluteus. It 
arises from the sacral spines, sacro-sciatic liga- 
ment, and tuber ischii. It is divided by a 
fibro-elastic septum in the thigh into two por- 
tions, which end in front and below on a wide 
aponeurosis; the latter is attached to the patella 
and its lateral ligament and blends with the fas- 
cia cruris and fascia lata. There is no femoral 
attachment. A large bursa occurs between the 
muscle and the great trochanter in the adult. 
The part of the tendon which fuses with the 
lateral patellar ligament presents a fibro-cartil- 
aginous thickening, and an extensive bursa is 
interposed between it and the lateral condyle 
of the femur. 
Fie. 309.—Guurrar, FEMORAL, AND CRURAL 
Reeions or Ox, AFTER REMOVAL OF 
SuPERFICIAL MUSCLES. 
p, Gluteus medius; r, semitendinosus; u, 
eoccygeus; 28, vastus lateralis; 28’, rectus fe- 
A layer derived from the fascia lata is intimately 
adherent to the deep face of the muscle, and cases occur 
in which this fascia is ruptured by the trochanter major, 
thus fixing the muscle behind the trochanter. 
The semitendinosus and semimembrano- 
sus arise on the ischium only. 
to the medial condyle of the tibia. 
separable, and consists of two parts. 
synovial membrane of the stifle joint. 
The capsularis is absent. 
moris; 29, semimembranosus; 30, gastroenemi- 
us; 31, 
acro-sciatic ligament; 16, tuber cox; 
17, tuber ischii; 19, trochanter major; 20, patel- 
la; 21’, lateral condyle of tibia. (After Ellen- 
berger-Baum, Anat. fiir Kiinstler.) 
The latter is very large and has a branch attached 
Ill. ANTERIOR MUSCLES OF THE THIGH 
The quadriceps femoris resembles that of the horse; but the vasti (and es- 
pecially the medial one) are not so thick, and the vastus intermedius is more clearly 
Burse occur under the insertions of the 
medial and lateral vasti, and often under the end of the rectus in the adult. 
The articularis genu is a small muscle which lies under the distal part of the 
vastus intermedius, and is partly inserted on the suprapatellar cul-de-sac of the 
