426 DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF THE HORSE 
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Fic. 365.—Torocrapuy or Viscera or Horse; Ricur View. 
1R., First thoracie vertebra; /L., first lumbar vertebra; 2K., second sacral spine; S., scapula; A., humerus; 
Si., sternum; B., ilium; O., femur; Z., right lung; H., pericardium; Z., diaphragm (pars costalis); r.v.C., right ven- 
tral colon; v.Q., sternal flexure of colon; d.Q., diaphragmatic flexure of colon; C., body, , base, C’’., apex, of cecum; 
D., small intestine; F., pelvic flexure of colon; M., rectum; a., abdominal wall in section; b. duodenum; c, coecygeus 
muscle; d, retractor ani; e, e, sphincter ani externus; f, anterior gluteal artery; g, internal pudic artery; h, xiphoid 
cartilage. The origin of the colon would be above the blind end of the base of the cwcum marked C’. (After Ellen- 
berger, in Leisering’s Atlas.) 
Fic. 366.—TopoGrapHy or VisceraA oF Horse; Ricut Sipe, Deeper View. 
1.R., First thoracic vertebra; 1.L., first lumbar vertebra; 2.K., second sacral spine; S apula; A., humerus; 
B, ilium; O., femur; Sch., pubis; Si., ischium; St¢., sternum; L., right lobe of liver; r.N., right kidney; C., body, 
C’., base, C’’., apex of cecum; r.v.C., right ventral colon; v.Q., sternal flexure of colon; d.Q., diaphragmatic flexure of 
colon; r.d.C., right dorsal colon; F., pelvie flexure of colon; D., small intestine; H., urinary bladder; M., rectum; 
a, left ventricle; a’, right ventricle; b, 6’, right coronary artery; c, left atrium; c’, right atrium; d, left coronary artery, 
circumflex branch; e, vena azygos; f, anterior vena cava; g, posterior vena cava; h, sinus venosus; 7, right phrenic 
nerve; k, right vagus, with its dorsal (4’) and ventral (4) divisions; l, aorta; m, cesophagus; n, trachea; 0, diaphragm 
(median section); p, right lateral ligament of liver; g, duodenum; r, dotted line indicating position in median section 
of diaphragm in inspiratory phase; s, recto-coccygeus muscle; ¢, suspensory ligament of rectum; u, sphincter ani; 2, 
; x, bulbo-urethral gland; y, urethra; z, abdominal wall; 2, xiphoid cartilage. (After 
vesicula seminalis 
Ellenberger, in Leisering’s Atlas, reduced.) 
; w, prosts 
