THE INTESTINE ; 487 
and numerous large lymph glands at its root; the root is attached in the sublumbar 
region behind the stomach and blends here with the mesentery of the large intestine. 
The mesenteric part is arranged in close coils and lies mainly above the colon and 
cecum, from the stomach to the pelvis; many coils lie against the right flank and 
on the posterior part of the floor of the abdomen. The opening of the bile duct is 
about one or two inches (ca. 2.5 to 5 em.) from the pylorus, and that of the pan- 
creatic duct about six inches (ca. 15 em.) beyond it. Aggregated lymph nodules 
or Peyer’s patches and solitary nodules are numerous and very distinct. The 
patches are usually band-like and prominent; their number has been found to vary 
from 16 to 38. They begin 8 to 20 inches (ca. 20-50 em.) from the pylorus. The 
last long one is continued a variable distance in the cecum. The solitary nodules 
Fic. 427.—C=cum Aanp CoLon oF Pic; Lerr VENTRAL VIEW. 
1, Apex of spiral coil of colon; 2, apex of c#cum. 
are distinct (except in the duodenum), but are only about a millimeter high. The 
duodenal glands extend some 10 to 16 feet (ca. 3-5 m.) from the pylorus. 
The large intestine is about 12 to 15 feet (ca. 4 to 4.5 meters) in length, and is 
for the most part much wider than the small intestine; it is connected by a mesen- 
tery with the dorsal abdominal wall between the kidneys. The cecum is cylin- 
drical, about 8 to 12 inches (ca. 20 to 30 em.) long, and 3 to 4 inches (ca. 8 to 10 cm.) 
wide. It lies against the upper and anterior part of the left flank, and extends 
ventrally, backward, and medially behind the coiled part of the colon, so that its 
ventral blind end usually lies on the floor of the abdomen, near the median plane, 
and at a variable point between the umbilicus and the pelvic inlet (Fig. 423). Its 
dorsal end is directly continued by the colon, the line of demarcation being indi- 
ated by the termination of the small intestine. The ileum joins the cecum 
