THE PLEUR 529 
Trapezius 
Rhomboideus 
~ Mullifidus 
- Dorsal vessels 
Cartilage of scapula 
Longissimus 
costarum 
Latissimus 
dorsi 
Intercostalis 
externus 
Serratus 
ventralis 
Phrenico-costal 
sinus 
~ Cutaneus 
External 
thoracic vessels 
Obliquus abdom- 
ints externus 
Musculo- phrenic 
———— SS vessels 
Transversus thoracts 
| Rectus abdominis 
Pectoralis profundus 
(p. humeralis) 
Anterior abdominal vessels 
Fic. 471.—Cross-secTIon oF Bopy or Horse. 
The section is cut through the eighth thoracic vertebra and the anterior part of the xiphoid cartilage. It cuts the 
vertebral end of the eighth rib and a little more than half of the seventhrib. The flexures of the great colon and a small 
part of the liver, which lay in the concavity of the diaphragm, have been removed. The dotted lines indicate the con- 
tour of the bases of the lungs and the apex of the heart, which are concealed by the diaphragm. The pleural cavities, 
indieated by wide black lines, are exaggerated for the sake of clearness 
1, 1’, Lungs; 2, aorta; 3, esophagus; 4, 4’ stem bronchi; 5, 5’, pulmonary arteries; 6, 6’, large pulmonary veins; 
7, posterior vena cava; 8, 8’, phrenic nerves; 9, vena azygos; 10, falciform and round ligaments of liver; 11, position 
of apex of heart; 12 (placed on cut surface of sternal part of diaphragm), xiphoid cartilage. The sympathetic trunks 
(mot marked) are shown on each side of the body of the vertebra. 
shown in relation to the cesophagus. 
The cesophageal trunks of the vagi (not marked) are 
The thoracic duct is ventral to the vena azygos. 
34 
