GENITAL ORGANS OF THE BULL ; 587 
the extra-inguinal part of the cord is about eight to ten inches (20 to 25 em.) in 
length. The cremaster externus is well developed, and almost completely encloses 
the tunic to the neck of the scrotum; it is inserted about at the level of the upper 
pole of the testicle. The vaginal ring is relatively very small, and is about four 
inches (ca. 10 cm.) from the linea alba. The cremaster internus is feeble. 
The spermatic cords emerge through the lateral angles of the subcutaneous inguinal rings, and 
curve downward and inward to the neck of the scrotum. The rings are about four inches (ca. 
10 em.) long, and are two and a half to three inches (6 to $8 em.) apart. In animals in good condi- 
tion there is a large mass of fat above the neck of the scrotum, between the spermatic cords. The 
mesorchium extends to the bottom of the tunica vaginalis, forming a narrow fold (ca. 1 em. wide) 
which attaches the epididymis to the posterior part of the tunic. 
Vesicula sem inalis 
Suspensory ligament 
of penis 
Bulbo- : eerie ' Tunica vaginalis 
cavernosus Sex (opened) 
muscle 
External 
urethral orifice 
SaaS 
Spermatic vessels and nerves 
Ductus deferens 
Head 
Testicle 
Epididymis { Body 
\ Tail 
Fic. 522.—Generat View or Genrrat OrGANs oF BULL 
The inguinal canal presents several special features in the bull. The abdominal ring is very 
long. Its anterior border, formed by the edge of the internal oblique, is decidedly concave and 
is tendinous in its medial part. The long axis of the subcutaneous ring is directed outward, for- 
ward, and downward. The spermatic cord lies in its lateral part, the external pudic vessels in its 
middle. A muscular band about an inch wide, detached from the internal oblique muscle, crosses 
the lateral side of the vaginal ring. 
The ductus deferens is small in caliber and has a much thinner wall than that 
of the horse. At first it pursues a flexuous course upward along the posterior 
border of the testicle, then becomes straight and lies in the posterior part of the 
spermatic cord. The genital fold is narrow, so that the ducts are closer together 
in it than in the horse. On reaching the posterior part of the bladder they are in 
apposition for a distance of about four inches (10 cm.), flanked and overlapped by 
the vesiculxe seminales. They form ampulle about four or five inches (10 to 12 em.) 
long and half an inch (1.2 to 1.5 em.) wide, the mucous lining of which is plicated. 
They then pass under the body of the prostate and end, just medial to the ducts of 
the vesiculz seminales, as slit-like openings on either side of the colliculus seminalis. 
The vesicule seminales are not bladder-like sacs, as in the horse, but are 
compact glandular organs with a lobulated surface. In the adult they measure 
about four or five inches (ca. 10 to 12 cm.) in length, two inches (5 em.) in width in 
