606 GENITAL ORGANS OF THE COW 
end, and have no ovulation fossa. They are situated usually a little above 
the middle of the lateral margin of the pelvic inlet in the non-pregnant subject, but 
may be a little further forward. They are thus about 16 to 18 inches (ea. 40-45 
cm.) from the vulvar opening in a cow of medium size. The greater part of the 
surface of the gland is covered with germinal epithelium, the peritoneal epithelium 
being limited to a narrow zone along the 
attached border. Follicles of various sizes 
are often seen projecting from the surface, 
as well as corpora lutea; a corpus luteum 
verum has a pronounced yellow color, and 
may reach a width of half an inch or more 
(ca. 1—1.5 em.). 
The uterine or Fallopian tubes are long 
(ca. 20-25 em.) and less flexuous than in the 
mare. The junction with the cornu of the 
uterus is not so abrupt as in the mare, since 
the extremities of the horns are pointed. 
The uterine orifice of the tube is rather large 
and funnel-shaped. The fimbriz are not so 
extensive as in the mare. 
The uterus lies almost entirely within 
the abdominal cavity in the adult. The 
body is only about an inch and a half (ea. f 
3-4 cm.) in length, although externally it F \ 
"2. 
Fic. 536.—Coty.Lepon or Gravip UTerts or Cow. Fic. 537.—GentTaAL OrGAns oF Cow; Dorsal 
The photograph is about three-fourths natural size of a speci- VIEW. 
men of medium size. The right uterine cornu and the vagina and 
vulva are opened up: 1, Labium vulve; 2, ventral 
commissure; 3, glans clitoridis; 4, glandula vestib- 
are a £ ata ix ] C ularis major, exposed by slit in mucous mem- 
appears to be about five or six inches long. brane; d pcuch ia which the ducati 
This false impression is due to the fact that ceding open; 6, suburethral diverticulum; 7, ex 
the posterior parts of the cornua are united — ternal urethral opening; 8, openings of canals of 
by connective and muscular tissue and have Sornets fC ae Te Pe - 
a common peritoneal covering. The cornua tube; 14, ostium abdominale tube; 15, ovary. 
are, therefore, really more extensive than (From Leisering’s Atlas, reduced.) 
they appear externally and have an average 
length of about fifteen inches (ca. 35-40 em.). They taper gradually toward the free 
end, so that the junction with the uterine tubes is not abrupt, as in the mare. The 
free part of the horn curves at first downward, forward, and outward, and then turns 
backward and upward, forming a spiral coil. The cervix is about four inches (ca. 
