730 LYMPHATIC SYSTEM OF THE OX AND SHEEP 
The efferent vessels run forward on the base of the udder, then incline outward and pass 
through the aponeuroses of the oblique abdominal muscles at the lateral edge of the rectus ab- 
dominis, & handbreadth or more in front of the pubis. On reaching the femoral ring they follow 
the course of the external iliac vessels to the deep inguinal gland. When the deep femoral gland 
on the upper part of the quadriceps femoris is present, some efferents go to it. Baum states that 
efferents of one side may go to a supramammary or deep inguinal gland of the opposite side. 
The sacral lymph glands (Lge. sacrales) may be subdivided into two groups. 
(1) The medial sacral lymph glands (Legg. sacrales mediales) are quite in- 
constant. When present, there is a gland on either side on the deep surface of the 
sacro-sciatic ligament, in the fat between the ligament and the rectum or the re- 
tractor ani. Its afferent vessels come from the pelvic urethra and urethral muscle, 
the root of the penis and its muscles, the prostate, the vagina and urethra, and the 
coceygeal muscles. The efferent vessels usually go to the internal iliac glands. 
(2) The lateral sacral lymph glands (Leg. sacrales laterales) comprise one or 
two inconstant nodes on the upper part of the outer surface of the sacro-sciatie 
ligament. One occurs in the majority of cases at the greater sciatic foramen; the 
other, which is further back, under the origin of the biceps femoris, is absent on one 
side or both in more than half the cases. Their afferent vessels come from the 
gluteus profundus, the lumbo-dorsal fascia, the pelvic bones, and the hip joint. 
The efferent vessels go to the internal iliac and deep inguinal glands. 
The ischiatic lymph glands (Leg. ischiadicee) are one or two in number. The 
one which appears to be constant lies on the sacro-sciatic ligament, about an inch 
(ca. 2-3 em.) above the lesser sciatic notch, and under cover of the biceps femoris. 
It is discoid and is an inch or more (ca. 2.5-3.5 cm.) in diameter. A second gland 
occurs in the majority of cases at the medial side of the tuber ischii and the attach- 
ment of the sacro-sciatie ligament, covered only by the skin and subcutaneous fat.” 
The afferent vessels come from the rectum and anus; the vulva, the root of the 
penis, the prostate, the bulbo-urethral glands, the urethra and urethral muscle; 
the glutei, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, obturator internus, and gemellus, and 
the lumbodorsal fascia; the skin of the hip and tail; the hip jomt. They also 
receive efferent vessels of the popliteal gland. The efferent vessels go to the internal 
iliac glands.* 
The gastric lymph glands (Leg. gastricee) are numerous, as might be expected, 
and are dificult to group satisfactorily. They comprise the fellowing: 
(1) The atrial lymph glands (Lge. atriales) lie chiefly on the visceral surface 
of the atrium, just behind the cardia; commonly three or four are present. Their 
afferent vessels come from the atrium, from the adjacent part of the rumen and 
reticulum, and from the spleen. They receive efferent vessels of the right and 
anterior ruminal, reticular, omasal, and dorsal abomasal glands. Their efferent 
vessels commonly converge to a large trunk, the common efferent vessel (Vas 
efferens commune) of the gastric lymph glands. This runs upward and backward 
in relation to the cceliac artery and reaches the ventral face of the posterior vena 
cava; here it unites with the common efferent vessels of the mesenteric glands to 
form the intestinal trunk. 
(2) The right ruminal lymph glands (Legg. ruminales dextre) lie along the 
course of the right ruminal artery. Commonly four or five are present, and they 
are half an inch to an inch and a half (ca. 1-3.5 em.) long. Their afferent vessels 
come chiefly from the rumen. They also receive efferent vessels of the other 
ruminal glands. The efferent vessels go from the anterior part of the series to the 
reticular glands and the common gastric efferent. 
1 Baum distinguishes three groups of sacral glands and terms the glands about the termina- 
tion of the aorta and the origin of the vena cava as the lgg. sacrales hypogastric. These have 
been included in the internal iliac group of this description. 
2 This gland is termed by Baum the lg. tuberosa. 
3 Many variations occur in the arrangg 
to a coeliac or mesenteric gland or to < 
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se efferent vessels. An efferent may go 
sterna chyli directly. 
