Bean Anthracnose 105 



Ellis and Everhart (1885:111) report Dr. Farlow's observations of 

 the common occurrence of this fungus on beans in the Cambridge (Mass- 

 achusetts) market since 1882. From the Plant Disease Bulletin issued 

 by the Plant Disease Survey of the United States Plant Industry 

 Bureau (1918:254), it appears that the disease was reported from Penn- 

 sylvania, Maryland, and Louisiana in 1887; from Michigan in 1889; 

 and from New York and Ohio in 1890. Scribner (1888:361), after speaking 

 of its distribution in Europe, says that specimens have been received 

 from Maine, Massachusetts, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, Louisiana, and 

 the District of Columbia. 



Since then the disease has been reported from a number of places in 

 Germany, Italy, England, and the United States. Reports of its existence 

 ■ — some recording only its presence and others its prevalence and destruc- 

 tiveness — have been recorded from Norway (Schoyen, 1901), Sweden 

 (Eriksson, 1889), Denmark (Lind, 1910), Russia (Jaczewski, 1912), Tyrol 

 (Bubak and Rabat, 1904), Belgium (Marchal, 1907), Holland (Sprenger, 

 1918), Ireland (Schoebotham, 1909), Japan (Ideta, 1911), Formosa 

 (Fujikuro, 1914), India (Butler, 1918), Transvaal (Pole-Evans, 1907), 

 Australia (Cooke, 1892), New Zealand (Kirk, 1905), Argentina (Spegazzini, 

 1899), Brazil (Puttemans, 1901), Cuba (Cook and Home, 1908), Alaska 

 (Anderson, 191G), and Canada (Craig, 1893). 



From the bulletin issued by the Plant Disease Survey (U. S. Plant 

 Industry Bureau, 1918) and from the earlier survey reports by Orton and 

 by Orton and Ames (1904-1909), as well as from the bulletins and reports 

 of the various experiment stations in this country, it appears that the 

 disease has occurred at one time or another in every State in the Union 

 except South Dakota, Wyoming, and Nevada. Doubtless it has occurred 

 in these three States also but has not been reported. 



It is thu^ seen that the disease is world-wide in its distribution, occurring 

 in nearly every place where beans are grown. The climatic condition 

 of a country or a region has much to do with the development of the 

 disease, so that in some of the countries where it has been reported it is 

 of no importance and in others it becomes a serious pest. While it has 

 been reported from Alaska, it cannot be enphytotic there, as seed of 

 Phaseolus vulgaris will not mature in that latitude; but the summer 

 climate of Alaska is not unfavorable for the development of the fungus 

 when introduced in imported seed affected by it. 



