A Study of Meadow-Crop Diseases in New York 71 



carnatum, Medicago lupulina, and Onobrychis sativa (Wellensiek, 1926:297). 

 T. repens and T. hybridum, as well as alfalfa, seem highly resistant if 

 not immune. 



In Wales it appears that the late-flowering strains of red clover are 

 less susceptible than are the early flowering ones (Stapledon and others, 

 1922:85-86). European opinion rates the American clovers high in 

 susceptibility, as indicated in the paper by Westerdijk (1917), whereas 

 in America, the European clovers are said to be more susceptible (Mon- 

 teith, 1924:63). This point is considered again under the discussion of 

 the distribution of the disease. 



Ware, in England, found that Hersnap, a Danish strain, is very resistant 

 (1923:835). Hesler (1925:92-93) points out that the density of stand 

 and the amount of anthracnose vary directly with each other. Ten- 

 nessee-anthracnose-resistant is reported as susceptible to Kabatiella 

 anthracnose in Kentucky (Haskell, 1928:347). 



The disease 



Kabatiella anthracnose of clover is an expression logically applied in 

 English because some means of separating the diseases produced by 

 several similar organisms must be devised. It is called " Stengelbrenner " 

 in Germany (Mehner, 1901), " Klaverstengelbrandziekte " in Holland 

 (Wellensiek, 1926), and "scorch" in England (Ware, 1923). 



History and range 



The first undisputed records of the disease are those of Mehner (1901) 

 and Kirchner (1902) in Germany. According to Stevens and Hall (1921: 

 331) the disease was first reported in America by Sheldon in 1906 in West 

 Virginia. Stewart (1919:173), however, states that he collected 

 specimens as early as 1903 in New York, The most recent papers deal- 

 ing with the disease are those of Wellensiek (1926) and Sampson (1928). 



Kabatiella anthracnose has a wide distribution. In Europe it occurs 

 in Germany and Bohemia (Linhart, 1902), Switzerland (Stebler and others, 

 1917), East Prussia (Anonymous, 1926), Bulgaria (Baudys, 1924), Wales 

 (Stapledon, 1920:637), and Holland (Westerdijk, 1917). It has been 

 reported also from Morocco in Africa (Miege, 1921:39). 



The disease occurs generally in New York wherever clover is grown, 

 having been seen in all the counties in which the crop was examined. 

 According to supplements of the Plant Disease Reporter, Kabatiella 

 anthracnose has been collected in the United States from Massachusetts 

 to Minnesota and south to Delaware and Missouri. It appears significant 

 that the disease has been collected rarely except in the higher latitudes. 

 The facts pointed out under varietal susceptibility that the southern 

 European varieties seem to be the most susceptible while the northern 



