ELLWANOER & BARRY'S 



3d. PLANTING. — Dig; holes in the first place large enough to admit the roots of the 

 tree to spread out in their natural position; then, having the tree pruned as before directed,, 

 let one person hold it in an upright position, and the other shovel in the earth, carefully- 

 putting the finest and the best from the surface in among the roots, filling every interstice,. 

 and bringing every root in contact vt^ith the soil. When the earth is nearly filled in, a pail 

 of water may be thrown on to settle and wash in the earth around the roots ; then fill in 

 the remainder and tread gently with the foot. The use of water is seldom necessary,, 

 except in drj^ weather early in fall or late in spring. Guard against planting too deep ; 

 the trees, after the ground settles, should stand in this respect as they did in the nursery. 

 Trees on dwarf stock should stand so that all the stock be under the ground, and no more^ 

 In very dry, gravelly ground the holes should be dug twice the usual size and depth, and 

 filled in with good loamy soil. 



4th. STAKING. — If trees are tall and much exposed to winds, a stake should be 

 planted with the tree, to which it should be tied in such a manner as to avoid chafing. 

 A piece of matting or cloth may be put between the tree and the stake . 



5th. MULCHING. — When the tree is planted throw around it as far as the roots 

 extend, and a foot beyond, five or six inches deep of rough manure or litter. This is 

 particularly necessary in dry ground, and is highly advantageous everywhere both in 

 spring and fall planting. It prevents the ground from baking or cracking, and maintains 

 an equal temperature about the roots. 



6th. AFTER-CULTURE.— The grass should not be allowed to grow around young- 

 trees after being planted, as it stunts their growth. The ground should be kept clean and 

 loose around them until, at least, they are of bearing size. 



Teeatiment of Trees that have been Frozen in the Packages, or Received 

 DURING Frosty Weather. — Place the packages, unopened, in a cellar or some sucli 

 place, cool, but free from frost, until perfectly thawed, when they can be unpacked, and 

 either planted or placed in a trench until convenient to plant. Treated thus, they will not 

 be injured by the freezing. Trees procured in the fall for spring planting, should be laid 

 in trenches in a slanting position to avoid the winds; the situation should also be sheltered 

 and the soil dry. A mulching on the roots and a few evergreen boughs over the tops will 

 afford good protection. 



DISTANCE BETWEEN TREES OR PLANTS IN PLANTATIONS. 



Standard Apples, 30 to 40 feet apart each way. In poor soils 25 feet may be enough. 

 Standard Pears and Cherries, 20 feet apart each way. Cherries will do at 18 feet, 



and the dwarf growing sorts, Dukes and Morellos, even at 16 feet. 

 Standard Plums, Peaches, Apricots axd Nectarines, 16 to 18 feet apart each way. 

 Quinces, 10 to 12 feet feet apart each way. 

 DwwRF OR Pyramidal Pears, Cherries and Plums, 10 to 12 feet apart each way. 



The greater distance is better where land is not scarce. 

 Dwarf Apples (bushes), 6 feet apart. 



Currants, Gooseberries and Raspberries, 3 to 4 feet apart. 

 Blackberries, 6 to 7 feet apart. 



NUMBER OF TREES OR PLANTS ON AN ACRE AT VARIOUS DISTANCES. 



At 4 feet apart each way 2,729 



" 5 " " , 1,742 



" 6 " " 1,200 



^* 8 " " -- 680 



*' 10 " " 430 



