"AS 
PAs 
a 4 
( 134 ) 
2a 
fences the shoots should be trained in a horizontal or obiique diree- . 
tion, and each branch singly, so as to allow the air to pass freely x 
through, and cause the wood to ripen well, on which invariably _ 
cepends the success of the ensuing crop. At Thomery, a town ¢ 
near Paris, celebrated for its fine Grapes, the vines are trained on 3 
trellices eight feet high. These lattices possess this advantage, e 
that the sun can shine on both sides of the vines in the course of * 
the day, and that they allow a free passage to the air, which isof 
great benefit as well in maturing the fruit, as in ripening the wood. 
In some parts of France, however, where the culture of the vine is 
carried to so great an extent, a ‘Very simple mode is pursued, which 
is to place two poles to each vine, and to train up two shoots to each 
of the poles. This method might probably be found advantageous 
in this country on the principle of ecgnomy, when it is contemplated a 
to establish extensive vineyards. | | | 4 
snd aA hy 
Culture, te. . 
Itis preferable in winter to protect most kinds of foreign Grapes 
in the following manner, though there are many which do not 
require it:—In the course of the month of November, after they 
have been trimmed according to the above directions, bend each. 
vine gently down, then stake it to keep it im its place; after this, 
proceed to cover it with earth or litter, hilling the earth up well 
around, and sloping it to cast off the rain. In the beginning of 
April, they must be carefully uncovered, and trained along the 
lattices designed for them, or tied. up to the poles in such a way. 
that the branches are kept separate from each other, and, if it is 
the first season after transplanting, allow but three or four of the | 
most vigorous buds to grow, and rub off the others. It has been 
urged by some, that the necessity for covering most kinds of foreign 
vines precluded their culture for the purpose of making Wine; 
but it must have been unknown to them, that the vineyards on the 
Rhine, where large quantities of Wine are made, are treated in this 
manner. However, even this objection may be remedied by plant- 
_ing only those vines which are cultivated in the north of France, 
' and which there withstand, without protection, a degree of coid 
full as great as that of the middle states; the new varieties which 
have originated in our own country bid fair also to do away every 
difficulty on this point. The ground around the vines must be 
kept mellow, and free from grass and weeds; and, every autumn, 
immediately after pruning them, it will be necessary to have from 
two to four shovels full of old well rotted manure dug in around 
each vine. It is to be understood that the directions for covering 
the vines during the winter, and the selections of early fruit, &e. 
are only necessary for the climate north of the Potowmac; for in the 
more southern states, no protection of course is necessary, and all 
the jater kinds of Grapes may may be cultivated with every rea- 
sonable prospect of success; but all the other directions relative 
to pruning, training, manuring, &c. will be found necessary as well 
in a southern as in a northern clime. 
