6 * ELLWAXn-ER & BARRY'S 



3cl. PLANTING. — Dig holes in the first place, large enough to admit the roots of 

 the tree to spread out in their natural position: then, having the tree pruned as above 

 directed, let one person hold it in an upright position, and the other shovel in the 

 earth, carefully putting the finest and the hest from the surface in among the roots, 

 filling every interstice, and bringing every root in contact with the soil. When the 

 earth is nearly filled In, a pail of water may be thrown on to settle and wash in the 

 earth around the roots; then fill in the remainder, and tread gently with the foot. The 

 use of water is seldom necessary, except in drj' weather, early in fall or late in spring. 

 Guard against planting too deep ; the trees, after the ground settles, should stand in this 

 respect as the}- did in the nursery. Trees on dwarf stock should stand so that all the 

 stock be under the ground, and no more. In \evj dry, gravelly ground, the holes should 

 be dug twice the usual size and depth, and filled in with good loamy soil. 



4th. STAKING — If trees are tall and much exposed to winds, a stake should be 

 planted with the tree, to which it should be tied in such a manner as to avoid chafing. 

 A piece of matting or cloth may be put between the tree and the stake. 



5th. MULCHING. — When the tree is planted, throw around it as far as the roots 

 extend, and a foot beyond, five or six inches deep of rough manure or litter. This is 

 particularly necessary in dry ground, and is highly advantageous everywhere, both in 

 spring and fall planting. It prevents the ground from baking or cracking, and main- 

 tains an equal temperature about the roots. 



6th. AFTER CULTURE.— The grass should not be allowed to grow around young 

 trees after being planted, as it stunts their growth. The ground should be kept clean 

 and loose around them, until, at least, they are of bearing size. 



Treatment of Trees that have beex Frozen ix the Packages, or Received 

 DTJRixG Frosty Weather, — Place the packages, unopened, in a cellar or some such 

 place, cool, but free from frost, until perfectly thawed, when they can be unpacked, 

 and either planted, or placed in a trench until convenient to plant. Treated thus, they 

 will not be injured by the freezing. Trees procured in the fall for spring planting, 

 should be laid in trenches in a slanting position to avoid the winds; the situation 

 should also be sheltered and the soil dry. A mulching on the roots and a few ever- 

 green boughs over the tops will afford good protection. 



DISTANCE BETWEEN TREES IN PLANTATIONS. 



Standard Apples, 30 to 40 feet apart each way. In poor soils, 25 feet may be 

 enough. 



Standard Pears and Cherries, 20 feet apart each way. Cherries will do at 18 

 feet, and the dwarf growing sorts, Dukes and Morellos, even at 16 feet. 



Standard Plums, Peaches, Apricots and Nectarines, 16 to 18 feet apart 

 each way. 



Quinces, 10 to 12 feet apart each way. 



Pyramidal Pears, Cherries and Plums, 10 to 12 feet apart each way. The 

 greater distance is better where land is not scarce. 



Dwarf Apples (bushes), 6 feet apart. 



Currants, Gooseberries and Raspberries, 3 to 4 feet apart. 



Blackberries, 6 to 7 feet apart. 



NUMBER OF TREES ON AN ACRE AT VARIOUS DISTANCES. 



At 



4 feet apart each way 2,729 



o " " — 1,742 



6 - " 1,200 



8 " " 680 



10 " " 430 



12 " " 325 



