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for vol. XVI. It will be the one made up of the Amentiferae ? (wether Cupulifere, Salicinee, Betulee, etc.) 

 that are nearly finished. If then the Conifers are ready, one can place them in the journals in chapters that will 

 contain other subjects. The chapter on the Euphorbiaceae, that occupies Dr. Mueller, will not be ready until 

 1864. This will end volume XV. The initiation of Vol XVI ( Urticaceae, Artocarnea, Piperaceae), will be 

 the last. The delay in writing monographie works made me do it that way. Fortunately the the Dicotylédones 

 will be finished and it is not 1 who will want to start a similar project when I am 50.With my présent 

 expérience. I would want it even less as the older I get the more I realize that even with direct observation and 

 with progress of science, there are many species that are poorly described and poorly defined. You will have 

 seen my way of understanding the spécimens in the pamphlet that I sent you the 3rd of January 1863, through 

 the mail, under the title Study of the Species. 



Another pamphlet named Notes on a New Characteristic Observed of the Fruits of the Oak, was also 

 sent to you at the beginning of November 1862. I included a copy for Dr. Brendel. I hope that the mail 

 will not have been intercepted. In thèse notes there are some interesting facts on the history of the 

 American Quercus.The unique fact of the knitting together of the cotyledones of the Quercus vireus 

 has been confirmed by Mr. Gay. It would be interesting to observe the development of their organs. In 

 other Quercus the cotyledones are joined side by side and look as if they were soldered together. I also 

 saw the cotyledones of the Quercus suber that seemed to be interwoven but were not, just like in the 

 Castanea vulgaris.According to this I suppose that the knitting of the Quercus virens is postgenital, 

 therefor of little theoretical importance; this is evidenced by the Quercus Ilex, etc. 

 I am going to study the Fagus, Corylus, Carpinus to complète the Cupuliferae. It will be short in 

 comparison with the Quercus or Castanea. I will need to reedit the Liquidambar and the Platanus. 

 My son has already prepared the Juglandee and Myricacees. He thinks he will get into a more difïicult 

 subject such as the important Piperacees. 



The Royal Herbarium in Leyden was placed under the direction of Dr. Miquel, already a professor in 

 Utrecht,;he is a very active scholar. He will direct a large publication payed by the government, on the 

 new species in the Leyden Herbarium. It is even better if they have new beds. In regards the Quercus, I 

 was disappointed at the state of Botany in Mexico.The authors one after another published, usually 

 without seeing the plants of their predecessors, articles like the ones of the Linnaea Hartwig Plant. 

 Bulletin of Brussels (Mertens et al), pamphlet of the dane Liebmann, etc. etc. In this manner the 

 confusion was complète. What difficulties there will be to regularly and methodically destroy the 

 duplication of the species! Nor Galeotti nor Liebmann have been willing to admit that this is a problem. 

 Mr. Boissier returned to his oriental plants with more of them than ever. Without a doubt he received 

 some from Kotzschy, who visited us this year. Cyprus has Mount Amanus. The state of the Turkish 

 empire is at this time déplorable, in regards to the security of foreigners, to the degree that their 

 belongings are frequently missing. Even Kotzschy and Bourgeau have retreated. 



Again, my dear Doctor, I send you my devout wishes. 



Alphonse de Candolle 







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