5 ppm dif lubenzuron reduced egg viability, larval survival, pupation, and adult 

 emergence in C. carnea. Topical sprays (7.7 ppm) on H. conver.'^ens had similar 

 effects, but both predatory species gradually recovered after treatments were 

 terminated. 



3. • ; Jones, S. L.; House, V. S.; and Bull, D. L. 1980. Effect of 



dif lubenzuron on entomophagous arthropods associated with cotton. 

 Southwest. Entomol. Suppl. 1: 31-35 



In laboratory studies, the insect growth regulator (IGR) dif lubenzuron has been 

 tested for harmful effects against several species of entoraophages . While the 

 IGR has no adverse effects on Geocoris punctipes (Say), Apanteles marginiventr is 

 (Cresson), and Trichogramma pretiosum (Riley), mortality of immature stages 

 occurred in Hippodaroia convergens Gueren-Meneville and Chrysopa carnea Stephens. 

 However, the deleterious effects tended to subside if treatments were 

 discontinued. Further laboratory and field studies showed that Savol, the 

 parafinic crop oil with which the IGR is formulated, was toxic to some predators 

 and reduced parasitism of Heliothis virescens (F.) eggs by T. pretiosum. Field 

 studies have also demonstrated reduced populations of Geocoris and Nabis spp. in 

 soybeans and Geocoris spp. in cotton. However, when applied to cotton at the 

 recommended rate for field use, 70 g a.i./ha, dif lubenzuron is much less harmful 

 to populations of entomophagous arthropods than are most conventional 

 insecticides. 



4. Adair, H. M. ; Kincade, K. T. ; Laster, M. L.; and Brarzel, J. R. 1967. 

 Low-volume aerial spraying of several insecticides for cotton-insect 

 control. J. Econ. Entomol. 60: 1121-1127. 



During 1965 and 1966, low-volume (LV) concentrate formulations of several 

 insecticides or insecticide mixtures were evaluated for control of the bollworm, 

 Heliothis zea (Boddie), and the boll weevil, Anthonomus grand is Boheman. Eight 



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