-\ 



59 



102. , and Borkovec, A. K. 1973. Metabolism of carbon-lA-labeled hempa 

 by adult boll weevils. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 1: 148-158. 



When uniformly carbon-14-labeled hempa, alone or in combination with busulfan, 

 is ingested by the adult boll weevil ( Anthonomus grandis Boheman) during a 

 six-day feeding period, hempa is metabolized rapidly and excreted with its 

 decomposition products. The primary metabolic pathway involves the sequen- 

 tial N-demethylation of hempa to the inactive penta-, tetra- and trimethyl 

 derivatives. Radiocarbon liberated dur.ing metabolism is expired as CO^ or 

 is incorporated into natural constituents. Of the radioactive products that 

 are present in adult boll weevils immediately upon transfer from the hempa- 

 containing diet, only 0.6 ug each is in the form of hempa; after 24 hours 

 of feeding on untreated diet, this is reduced to 0.06 /jg. In view of the known 

 low acute-and chronic toxicity of hempa to mammals and its low mutagenicity 

 in mammalian systems, it is concluded that the proposed release of 100 

 chemosterilized weevils per acre would produce only negligible potential 

 environmental contamination and that possible risks could be further reduced 

 by releasing the insects 24 hours or more after treatment. 



103. ; Coppedge, J. R.; Hardee, D. D.; Rummel, D. R. ; McKibben, G. H.; 



and House, V. S. 1973. Formulations for controlling the release of synthe- 

 tic pheromone (grandlure) of the boll weevil. 3. Laboratory and field 

 evaluations of three slow-release preparations. Environ. Entomol. 2: 

 905-909. 

 Three slow-release preparations of grandlure, the synthetic pheromone of 

 Anthonomus grandis Boheman, were evaluated in the field at 3 locations in 

 Texas and Mississippi, to compare their relative attractancy to adult 

 weevils during the priod of fall dispersal. All 3 formulations, at both 

 low (3 mg per unit) and high (12 mg per unit) doses of grandlure, were 

 more attractive throughout 14-day test periods than were caged males or 



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