78 



took place while fruiting levels were increasing or being held at a high 

 level, diapause in resulting adults was low (0-20%). Diapause was approxi- 

 mately 20-50% when larval development coincided with decreasing fruiting 

 levels, and was 50-100% as true cut-out approached. Regrowth cotton generally 

 lowered diapause incidence and as fruiting levels decreased, diapause increased. 

 Therefore, the boll weevil not only responds to short photoperiods that are 

 characteristic during the fall in the temperate zone, but also may respond 

 throughout the season to changes in fruiting activity of the cotton plant. 



142. , and Phillips, J. R. 1974. Factors influencing seasonal diapause 

 in the boll weevil. Arkansas Farm Res. XXIII (May-June) : 2. 



The data show that boll weevil diapause is influenced throughout the season 

 by factors associated with changes in the physiological condition of the 

 cotton plant. 



143. Casey, J. E.; Lacewell, R. D.; and Sterling, W. 1975. An example of 

 economically feasible opportunities for reducing pesticide use in 

 commercial agriculture. J. Environ. Qual. 4: 60-64. 



Due to increasing resistance of the bollworm^ Heliothis zea (Boddie) , and 

 tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), in 1968 and 1969, the Texas Depart- 

 ment of Corrections in cooperation with the Texas Agricultural Experiment Sta- 

 tion, initiated a new pest management strategy. This new strategy was basically 

 (i) to control boll weevil with a fall diapause program, (ii) control fleahopper 

 with low dosages of insecticides applied as early as feasible and (iii) to 

 terminate fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis serlatus (Reuter), treatments quickly to 

 allow beneficial insects to build and control bollworra and budworm. Comparing 

 1968-69 cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., production (traditional insecticide use 

 declined from 14.51 kg/ha to 7.19 (12.9 to 6.4 lb/acre) while lint yield in- 

 creased due to the new pest management strategy on the Brazos River region of 



