194 



The compounds found in one or both sexes and their frass include 26 carbonyls, 

 23 hydrocarbons, 12 alcohols, 6 phenols, 4 esters, 3 furans, 1 ether, and 1 

 lactone. Also found were 2 compounds containing nitrogen, 1 halogen, and 1 

 sulphur. There were 33 terpenes and 24 aromatic compounds. 3,7-Dimethyl- 

 1-octanol comprised 15»6 percent of the miale frass oil. Carvone was found 

 only in females (5*4%) and in female frass (6*8%). A series of monoterpene 

 aldehydes (M + 152) were found only in the female frass oil. A pheromone 

 role for these components was suggested. 



377. ; Gueldner, R. C. ; and Thompson, A. C. 1976. Utilization of the boll 

 weevil pheromone for insect control. In Morton Beroza (ed.). Pest 

 Managemer- With Insect Sex Attractants and Other Behavior-Controlling 

 Chemicals, pp. 30-52. American Chemical Society, V7ashington. 



In 1969, four terpenoid compounds were demonstrated by identification and 

 synthesis to comprise the boll weevil pheromone. Since then the pheromone 

 has been utilized successfully for monitoring and population reduction and 

 has been a component in several integrated pest management and elimination 

 programs. In the course of these tests, it was necessary to develop a long- 

 lasting formulation, to determine the best ratio of components, to improve 

 the methods of syntheses to reduce costs, to commence registration \r th EPA, 

 and to devjelop efficient traps and trapping procedures. The pher.^.-..<ne was 

 effectively utilized in the recent South Mississippi tests to monitor and 

 reduce the insect population. Plans for future tests are discussed. Recent 

 studies showed that gut microflora, deficient diets, and sterilization de- 

 crease pheromone biosjmthesis. 



378. ; Hardee, D. D.; Thompson, A. C; and Gueldner, R. C. 1974. An 

 assessment of the life time biosynthesis potential of the male boll 

 weevil. J. Insect Physiol. 20: 1707-1712. 



