HINTS OX TRANSPLANTING, ETC.— Continued 



^ , . If trees are tall and much exposed to winds, a stake should be planted with the tree, to which it 

 JjtaKing should be tied in such a manner as to avoid chafing. A piece of matting or cloth may be put 

 between the tree and the stake. 



. , . "SVhen the tree is planted throw around it as far as the roots extend, and a foot beyond, five or 

 Mulcning inches deep of rough manure or litter. This is particularly necessary in dn,- ground, and is 

 highly advantageous everywhere both in spring and fall planting. It prevents the groimd from baking or 

 cracking, and maintains an even temperature about the roots. 



- r" It "^^^ grass should not be allowed to grow around young trees after being planted, as it 

 u stunts their growth. The ground should be kept clean and loose around them imtil, at 

 least, they are bearing size. 



^ In regard to this all important subject we would recommend our patrons to communicate with 



prajing Experiment Station in the state in which they live and get definite instructions about 



spraying for their particular locality, in bulletins published for the purpose. 



Treatment of Trees that have been Frozen in the Packages or Received during Frosty 

 Weather. Place the packages, unopened, in a cellar or some such place, cool, but free from frost, until 

 perfectlv thawed, when they can be unpacked, and either planted or placed in a trench until convenient to 

 plant. Treated thus, they will not be injured by the freezing. Trees procured in the fall for spring plant- 

 ing, should be laid in trenches in a slanting position to avoid the winds; the situation should always be 

 sheltered and the soil dry. A mulching on the roots and a few evergreen boughs over the tops will afford 

 good protection. 



DISTANCE BETWEEN TREES OR PLANTS IN PLANTATIONS 



Standard Apples, 30 to 40 feet apart each way. In poor soil, 25 feet may be enough. 



Staxdard Pears akd Cherries, 20 feet apart each way. Cherries will do at 18 feet, and the dwarf growing 



sorts, Dukes and Morellos, even at 16 feet. 

 Standard Plums, Peaches, axd Apricots, 16 to 18 feet apart each way. 

 QrixcES, 10 to 12 feet apart each way. 



Dwarf Pears, 10 to 12 feet apart each way. The greater distance is better where land is not scarce. 



Dwarf Apples, on Paradise stock (bushes), 6 feet apart. 



Cureakts, Gooseberries, akd Raspberries, 3 to 4 feet apart. 



Blackberries, 6 to 7 feet apart. 



Grapes, 8 to 10 feet apart. 



Strawberries ''see under Strawberries). 



NUMBER OF TREES OR PLANTS ON AN ACRE AT VARIOUS DISTANCES 



At 4 feet apart each way, 



2729 

 1742 

 1200 

 680 

 430 

 325 



At 15 

 " 18 

 *' 20 

 " 25 



30 



feet apart each way, 



200 

 135 

 110 

 70 

 50 



The number of plants required for an acre, at any given distance apart, may be ascertained by dividing 

 the number of square feet in an acre ^43,560> by the number of square feet given to each plant, which is 

 obtained by multiplying the distance between rows by the distance between the plants. Thus, strawberries 

 planted three feet by one foot gives each plant three square feet, or 14,520 plants to the acre. 



EXPERLMENTAL ORCHARD AND VINEYARD -TRIAL GROUNDS 



Our experimental orchard forms an important feature of our business. No similar attempt has been 

 made in this countrj^ either by indi\-iduals or the government. We have spared neither labor nor expense 

 to maintain this orchard so as to derive from it the most reliable information, and after many years experi- 

 ence we can testify that nothing in connection with our business has been productive of such satisfactory 

 results as the important facts we have acquired from the tests in these grounds. 



It has enabled us to determine from our own obsen-ations the fruits best adapted to this country, and 

 the lists of varieties now published give evidence of the careful labor performed. 



At one time our collection embraced many hundreds of varieties, but we have gradually reduced it, and 

 we now have about 200 varieties of pears, 165 of apples, and 100 varieties of plums, and in our experimental 

 vineyard 175 varieties of grapes. 



In the departments of Ornamental Trees, Shrubs, Paeonies, Roses, etc., we have similar collections fol 

 study and experiment. 



