Plinies Natur^ll Hiftorie. 



A India/ayingjthat from thofc gates to the entrance of India, it was 1 5 ^80 ftadia : from tliencc to 

 the GitieBacha^which they call Zariafpa 37oo5androtothc river laxarccs 5 miles. 



Chap. x\i. 

 Othernatims alfo, 



FPvom the Cafpianscountrcy Eaftwardalieth the region called Zapanortene^Sr in it the land 

 Daricum^the moft fertile trad of all thofc parts. Then come you to theTapyrians^Anari- 

 acij Staiiri and Hircani, at whofe coafts the fame lea beginneth to take the name Hirca- 

 num, even from the river Syderis. About it arc other riversjto wit^Mazesas and Stratos^all idii^ 

 B ingoutof Caucafus.Oiitof the realme ofHircania, you enter into the countreyMargiana^fo 

 commendable for the warme Sunnefhine weather there, and the onely place in all that quarter 

 which yceldethvines.Environned it is on every fide with goodly pleafant hilstoihecicj for the 

 compalTe of 1500 ftadia. Fortified it is befides, and affourdeth hard accefTe unto it by reafon of 

 the fandie and barren defarts for the fpace of 1 20 myles. And fituate it is even againfi the trad 

 of Parthia^whereine-^te^^^^y the great fometime had built Alexandriaynich being rated and 

 deftroied by tiiC &zxh^n2ns^Antiochm thefon of Scleucm rcedified in the lame place upon the 

 river Margus, which runneth through itj together with another river Zocale> and it was called 

 ''^Syriana.Kowbcu^he defired rather that itfliould be named Antiochia. This citciecontaineth 

 in circuit 70 ftadia : and into it. Or odes afcer that hee had defeated Cr^jfm and his hoaft^' brought 

 C all the Romanes whom he had taken prifoners^cing paft the high country Margiana, you come 

 to the region of the Mardi^a fierce & lavage people, iiibjed unto nonCjthey inhabit the moun- 

 tainc Cauca(us,and reach as farre as to the Badrians.Bcyond that tract arc tlieie nations,ihe O- 

 chanes3Chomares,Berdrigei3Hen-natotrophi,Bomarci_,Commani;MaruccTi,Mandrueni and 

 latij.The rivers alfojMandrus and Gridinus. Beyond inhabite the Choralmij^Gandari, Artafini^ 

 Paricani, SarangzEjParrafinijMaratianijNafotianijAorfijGel^, whom the Greckes called Ca- 

 clufij,andtheMatiani. Moreover, initifoodthegreattowneHcraclea, hmXih^ A'cxiwder the 

 grcar_,which afterwards was fubverted and overthrowne : but when it was repaired a gaine by Afi- 

 tioclm^z named it Achais. Beneath in the countreyahe Deibines do inhabite^tlirough whofe 

 marches in the very middcft.runneth the river Oxus,which hath his beginning out of a lake cal- 

 D led Oxus. Beyond them are the SyrmatK, Oxij,Taga3jHeniochi,Bateni3Sarapara;^and Baftri- 

 ans_.with their towne Zariafpe, called afterwards Bad:rum,of the river Badra.This nation inha- 

 biteth the backe parts of the hill Paropamifus.overagainft thefourcc and fjiring of the river In-i 

 cius,and is environned with the river Ochus. Beyond the Badrianes arc the Sogdiancs.,and Pan- 

 da the principall citti^ o^fthat countreyjn the very utmofi marches of their tcrritorie ihndedi 

 the towne Alexandria built by Alexander the greatj wherein are to bee feene the Akavs and Go- 

 jumnes,ere6led by Herctiles^y^imcQBiUchu^.Cjrm-^Semiramh^o.n^ Alexander : fuppoied and ta- 

 ken to be the very end of all their voiagcs in that part of the world/cfling within the riverlasar- 

 tes, which the Scydiians call Silys. For Alexander and his louldiours thought it had becne Ta- 

 . nais. Howbeit, captaine Demonax^ who ferved under the kings Sdcucm and Antiochm^ pafTed 

 E over that river with an armic, and at the end of his voisge let up altars unto Afolb Bidjwi&m. 

 And this Demsnax wee follow^ efpecially in this defcription and Geographic of ours , 



Chap. XV II. 



^ T J7e Sep hi An natienJi 



BEyond the fcalme Sogdiarta,inhabit the nations of the Scythians. The Perfians werd wont 

 to call them in generall Sacas,of a people adjoining unto them,fo named Jn old time they 

 were known by the name of Arameans. And on the other fide, tlie Scythians for their pare 

 ufed to tearmc thePerfianSjChorfariiand thehill Caucafus,they called Graucafus^that is to fay, 

 F vyhite mth fiiow. The principall nations of Scythia^bee the SarSiMalT'agetsejDaha'^Eiredones, 

 Ariaca^^RhymnicijPeficijAmordijHifi:!, EdonesjCamcTjCamac^^EuchataejCotieri^Antari- 

 anijPiaL-e^Arimafpi befpretime called CacidirijAf^ei and Octei. As for thcNapseans & Apel- 

 lasans who fometime dwelt there,they be utterly extind and gone. The rivers there of name bee 

 MandagrseusandCafpafius. And furcly there is not a region wherein Geographers doe varic 

 -.'j M ij and 



