B 



Plinies Namrall Hiftone* ^A . 



vMcjPifo allcdged in his owne defence the forefaid difeafc of the Heart called CardiacajWhcre- 

 of as he faidjCfrr/z^/y/V/^i died. 



Vnder the Heart lie thcLightSjwhich is the very feat of breathing : whereby we draw andde- Tk Lights or 

 liver our wiod. Forwhichpurpofe^fpongeousitisandfullof hollow pipes within. Fewfifliesas Ltrngs. 

 we faid beforejhave any Lungs : other creatures alfo that lay egges , h ave biit fmalland the fame 

 full of frothjand without bloud : whereupon they be not thirftie at all: which is the caufe likewife 

 that Scales and Frogs can dive fo long under the water. TheTortoifealfo^albeithes have verie 

 large Lungs^and the fame under his fhelhyet there is no bloud therin. And vtirilyjthe iefethat 

 the Lungs be^the fwifter is the bodie that hath them. The Chamxleons Lights be very big, i'ot 

 the proportion of his bodicjfor little or nothing els hath he within it. 



Next foUoweth the Liver^which lieth on the right fide.In that which is called the head of the Tk tiycr. 

 Liver^ much varietic and di{Ference there is. For a little before the death of M4rceibis^{^ho was 

 flaine by Amthall)3iS he (acrificed, there was found a Liver in thebeaftjwiihout that heiid or fi- 

 bres aforefaid. And the next day after, when he killed another for facrificCj it wasfecn with twain. 

 When C. ii^jr/^ facrificed at Vtica, thefame v?as likewife wanting in the beaft, being opened. 

 Sembiably jwhen pri nee CCai/guIa the Emperour facrificed upon the firft day of lanuarie ^at hii 

 entrance into the Confullliip, the Liver head was mifling ; but fee what followed 1 in that yearc 



found in fixe of them fixe LiverSjWhich were all redoubled and folded inward, f:om the ncther- 

 moft lobe or skirt beneath : vshereupon anfjvere was made by the SoothfaierSithat within one ' 

 yeai-e he fhiould double his power and authoricie.l ne foreuiid head of the Liver^if it chance to 

 be Hit or cut, prefagech fome evill hap, unleffe it be in cafe of feare and penfiveneiTe : for then it 

 betokcneth good lifue, and an end of care and forrow. About the mouiitaineBrilctum and 

 Tharne; alfo in Chei fonefus neare unto Propontis, ail the Hares ordinarily have two Livers : 

 and (a wonderous thing it is to tell) if they bee broughtinto other countncsyone of the faid 

 Livers they loofe. 



Faftto the Liver hangeth the Gall ;yet all creatures haveitnot. And about Chakis inEnr^rkGalL 

 bcea,the fheepc are quite without Gall. But in Naxus they all have two GalsjSnd thefame very 

 big. The if rangers that come into both thofeparts^ think the one as prodigious and monftrous 

 as the other. HorfeSjMuIeSjAfTes.Decre both red and fallow jloe-buckes^SwinejCammels^and 

 Dolphins^havc no Gall. Some Mice and Rats there bee which havcit. Andfew men there are 

 vjidioutghowbeiLjiuch are of a fironger confUtution^more hcakhfulljand longer lived.Howbeis 

 fome are of opinion5That all Horfes have Gall,noi annexed to their Liver^butwithin their bel- 

 lie : and as for the Deere abovefaid^it liedi(as they rhinl:e)cither in their taile, or eife their guts : 

 which (by their faying)arefo biiterjthat Hounds and.Dogs by their good wils would not touch 

 them.NowthisGali is nothingelsbutaii excrement purgedfirom the v;or{lbloud :andtherfore 

 bloud is taken I'o be thematter thereof. Certaine thisis jthat no creatures haveLivsrs^but fuch 

 as likewife have bloud. And in trurhjthe Liver receiveth bloud from the Ke^rE,unto which it is 



«g adjpinedjand fo conveighedi and deft ributerh it'into the veines. Blacke choller lying in the Li- 

 ver caufeth furie and madnefie-in man : but if it be all caft up by vomiCjit is prefent death. Here- 

 upon it commethjthatweiearmefurioiis andragingperfons by the name of chollericke, or full 

 of Gall : fo oreat is the venome of this one partjif it reach once to the feat of the mindjand pof- 

 fefle it.N.ay more than that : if it be fpread and dilperfed over all parts of the bodie, it infedeth* 

 it with the yellow jaundife,yca,and coioursth the very eies,as it were with Saflron. Let it out of 

 the bladder or bag wherein it is,ye iliallfee it ifiin veflels ofBrafl'e,yea,they will become blacke 

 againe,and loo fe their brightnelfe if they be touched therewith. Nomarveilthenif the venome 

 and poyfon of ScrpentSjpjocced from the Gall.They that ule tofced of worme- wood growing 

 inPoacusjCommonly have.no Gail. Ravens, Quailes, and Feafants, have theirGall joining to. 



In their kidneiesjor rathcrtOjtheir gutSjOf one fide andno more : andfome to the guts only,asPi- 

 geons,Hawkes,and Lampreies, Few birds there be that have Gall in the Liver. i\s for Serpents 

 and Filhes jthey havethe gt'eateft Gals of all others,for the proportion of their bodies^Mofl of 

 them ha.ve their Gall along their guts throughout,in manner of the Hawke and theKitc.Morc- 

 ovcr, ill all Whale .ffi^es .their Gali is faftened to the Liver; and fo wee fee it licth in the Scales, 

 : G ^ uj ^ ^ whofe 



