Oct. 8, 1885.1 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



211 



BiiACK Bass in Lake Champlain. — Rouse's Point, Oc t. 

 1. — Editor Forest and Stream: Many of jour readers have 

 visited the Windsor Hotel at Ibis place this season and had 

 sport with black bass. On Sept, 28 Charles Beck and L. 

 Perry in one boat, T. Chabott and guide in another and 

 Capt. Auchman and myself in a third boat, secured thirty- 

 foui- black bass, two uuiscalon^e and one pike between 3 

 and 5 P. M. The largest bass weisjlied 4ilbs. ; the others 

 averaged 31bs. The nest day we secured twenty-three black 

 bass, the largest weighing 4f 1 bs. , three others 4lbs. each. The 

 bass of these waters are' generally of good size. Rouse's 

 Point is considered the best poiat on Lake Charapl.iin for 

 bass and is a favorite resort for many experts. We are told 

 hy the oldest inhabitants that they never 8.aw so many bass 

 taken in so short a time with rod and reel. Eaeh day our 

 catches were made in the afternoon after 2 o'clock. The 

 entire weight of first day's catch was lOUlbs. ; weight of 

 second day's catch was 841bs,, including one pickerel and 

 ten perch which were weighed with the second day's catch. 

 . —Thomas Sltngsby^ 



A Tm Pond Catch.— Boston, Sept. 80. — ^Apropos of ex- 

 tremely good luck while fishing, Mr. C. J. Connelly (proprie- 

 tor of the Adams House news stand), his brother, John LJ 

 Connelly, of Brooklyn, Mr. F. H. Carpenter, of Providence, 

 and Mr. Pendergast, of this city, had a remarkably good 

 catch while recently fishing at "Tim Pond, Maine. One of 

 the featiu-es of the catch was the taking of three iTout 

 averaging 14^- inches in length at one cast by Mr. C. J. Con- 

 nelly., One of the trout is the largest caught this season, 

 and' the three average the largest caught in seven years. As 

 a trophy of the catch Mr. Connelly has a fine photograpk 

 which Mr. Carpenter took of the fish before detached from 

 the flies. The fl^ies on which the fish were taken were the 

 brown hackle, professor and silver doctor. 



Wa-Wa-Yatsda Olub.— In the County Clerk's office there 

 was filed yesterday a. cex'tiflcate of incorporation of the Wa- 

 Wa-Yanda Fishing Club, Its objects are fishing and hunt- 

 ing and the protection of game. The corporators are Victor 

 E. Roumage, C. C. Rouraage, Jr., James A. Flack, James 

 J. Mooney, George Jailrays, Richard B. Hunt, Richard V. 

 Harnett, "George W. Wingate, E. Henry "Witthaus, Martin 

 B. Brown, Edward Kearney, A. L. Ashman, Charles J. 

 Tappaii and Sliepherd Knapp. 



A Mammoth Cod. — Portland, Me, — A cod weighing 

 110 pounds, length 5 feet 4 inches, length of h.ead 15^- inches, 

 was caught Sept. 29 on a trawl near Portland, and I have 

 just partaken of a steak cut from it. The fish was of sym- 

 metrical form, and its flesh of excellent flavor, although 

 somewhat dryer than that of a younger fish. Jt is the largest 

 fish of the species (the common cod of this coast) l have 

 ever examined. Can this record he beaten ?—Evebett 

 Smith. 



HoBBiSTOWN, Pa., Oct. 1.— Mr. E. A. Leopold caught two 

 black bass yesterday at Catfish Dam. To his line were 

 ufctached two hooks, both baited with live minnows. Feel- 

 ing a bite he struck, and after a few minutes' lively play had 

 the satisfaction of lauding two bass, the one on tlie upper 

 hook being caught in the ordinary way, but the other was 

 hooked on the under side just in front of the pectoral tins. 



Haravood, Rice Lake, Canada, Sept. 30.— The fishing is 

 first-class here, with plenty of maskinonge catching eveiT 

 day.-C. G. " ° ^ 



Address all communications to the Forest and Stream Publish- 

 ing Co. 



COMMISSIONERS OF FISHERIES. 



IN our last issue we gave a complete list of the Commission- 

 ers of Fisheries of the diiiereut States and Territories, and 

 unde-r the head of Canada and the British Provinces we noted 

 the fact that we could not learn that any appointment had 

 been made to the office vacated by Mr. Whitcher two years 

 ago. We now give below a corrected list of the officers of the 

 Dominion, received du-ect from the Department of Fisheries: 

 Dominion of Canada— 



J ohn Tilton, Deputy Minister of Fisheries, Ottawa, Ont. 

 Province of New Brunswick— 



W. H. Venning, Inspector of Fisheries, St. John. 

 Province of Nova Scotia— 



W. H. Rogers, Inspector, Amherst. 

 Province of Prince Edward's Islajstd— 

 J. H. Duvar, Inspector, Alberton. 

 Province of British Columbia — 



Geo. Pittendrigh, Inspector, New Westminster. 

 Province of Manitoba and Northwest Territories— 

 Alex. McQueen, Insi^ector, Winnipeg, Man. 

 S. WUmot, Superintendent of Plshculture, Newcastle, 

 Ont. 



THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY. 



the river excursion. 



ON Thm-sday, May 7, the Society made a trip to the shad 

 hatching grounds of the Potomac on the U. S. Commis- 

 sion steamer Fish Hawk, by invitation of Prof. S. F. Baird. 

 Col. Marshall McDonald acted as master of cermonies and was 

 ably assisted in doing the honors by Lieut. Pietmeyer, Prof. 

 Goode and Mr. Cox. Arriving at Forb Washington an attend- 

 ant showed four million eggs in process of packing for ship- 

 ment to the central station at Washington. At 3 P. M. the 

 company sat down to a lunch of planked shad, corn bread and 

 coffee, and then made ready to return. On the homeward 

 ti-ip a meeting of the Executive Committee was held in the 

 cabin, Hon. Theodore Lyman presiding. Mr. Lyman sug- 

 gested that the present was a proper time to transact any un- 

 finished business and to make any necessary arrangements for 

 the next meeting. 



Prop. Goode moved that a vote of thanks be tendered to 

 Prof. Spencer P. Baird, Commissioner of Fisheries for the 

 United States, for his courtesy in placing the Fish Hawk at 

 the disposal of the Societj'- for this trip. Carried. 



Mr. Clark moved that the next annual meeting of the 

 Society be held in Chicago. He said that it would be a great 

 gain in membership to the Society to hold it there, for many 

 Western men had held aloof froui it thinking it to be an East- 

 ern society entirely, and that little or no attention was paid to 

 Western flshei'ies. 



Prop. Goods— The remarks of Mr. Clai-k eai-rv great weight. 

 It is desirable to meet in other places than llTew Yoi-k and 

 Waslungton, although the latter is common ground. I think 

 it would be well to meet in Chicago next year. 

 Pb, Hudson— In 1876 we met in Philadelphia, but did not 



gain any members to speak of, yet if it is believed to be best 

 to meet in Chicago we might try the experiment. 



Mr. Mather— If it is necessary to meet at different points 

 to avoid the charge of localism it may be well to do so. But 

 why any peraon .should consider that the society is in any sense a 

 local one I fail to see. Its name covers the continent, and the 

 svibjects treated of are not at all restricted to any locality. 

 It has been suggested, and I thought it understood, that the 

 next meeting should be in New England, perhaps in Boston, 

 and we certainly should meet there some time, if we propose 

 to change about. New York and Boston are the gi-eat fish 

 centere, and Washington, as Prof. Goode has said, is common 

 ground. I do not think that any place is as good as Wash 

 tngtou, but will agree to anything tne majority thinks best. 



Mr. Butler— If we go West one year we will not lose 

 members, but wiU gain them. The Commissioner of Agri- 

 cidtm'e hoped that we would go west of the Mississippi, and 

 if so we would have a large meeting; hut at Chicago we woidd 

 certainly have a most interesting and profitable one. 



Mr. JIat — I hope that this question will bo decided to-day 

 and that it will be in favor of Chicago. We wiU then begin 

 to urge WesteiTi fish commissioners and those interested in fish- 

 cultm-e and in fishing to attend. 



Mr. Clark moved that the next meeting be held ia Chicago 

 and that a local committee be appointed to fix the date and 

 make all necessary arrangements. Carried. 



The President appointed as such committee Messrs. F. N. 

 Clark, W. L. May, Dr. R. O. Sweeney, A. P. Butler, Fred 

 Mather and W. V.' Cox. The meeting then adjo\irned. 



Address all comnmnications to the Forest and stream Publish- 

 ing Co, 



FIXTURES. 



BKNCH SHOWS. 

 Oct. 6, 7, 8 and 9,— Second Anniial Dog Show of the Philadelphia 

 Kennel Club, in conjuuctlon with the Pennsylvania State Agricultural 

 Society. E. Comfort, Secretary, Philadelphia, Pa. 



Oct. 6, 7, 8 and !).— Fourth Annual Dog Show of the Danbury Agri 

 cultural Society. S. E. Hawle.y, Secretary, Danbury, Conn. 



Oct. 8 and 9.— Second Annual Dog Show of the 'Stafford Agricul- 

 tural Society. R. S. Hicks, Secretary, Stafford Springs, Conn. 

 FIELD TRIALS. 



Nov. 9.— Second Annual Field Trials of the Fisher's Island Club, for 

 members only. Max Wenzel, Secretary, Hoboken, N. J. 



Nov. 9.— I'irst Annual Trials of the Western Field Trials Associa- 

 tion, at Abilene, Kan. Entries close Oct. 15. A. A. Whipple, Secre- 

 tary, Kansas City, Mo. 



Nov. 12-— New Jersey Kennel and Field Trials Club. Field trials for 

 members only at Fisher's Island. A. P. Vredenburgh, Secretary 

 Bergen Point, N. J. 



Nov. 16, 1885.— Seventh Anaual Field Trials of the Eastern Field 

 Trials Club, High Point, N. C. Entries for AU-Aged Stakes close 

 Nov. 1. W. A. Coster, Secretary, Flatbush, L. I. 



November.— I' oui-th Annual Trials of the Robins Island Club, Robins 

 Island, L. I., for members only. Wrn. H. Force, Secretary. 



Dec. 7.— Seventh Annual Field Trials of the National Field Trials 

 Club, Grand Junction, Tenn. Entries for Derby close April 1. B. M. 

 Stephenson, La Grange, Tenn., Secretary. 



A. K. R.-SPECIAL NOTICE. 

 rpHE AMERICAN KENNEL REGISTER, for the registration of 

 pedigrees, etc. (with prize lists of all shows and trials), is pub 

 lished eveiy month. Entries close on the 1st. Should be in early, 

 Enti-y blanks sent on receipt of stamped and addressed envelope. 

 Registration fee (50 cents) must accompany each entry. No entries 

 inserted unless paid in advance. Yearly subscription $1.50. Address 

 "American Kennel Register," P. O. Box 2832, New York. Number 

 of entries already printed 2704. 



FANCIERS' FALLACIES. 



BOJSTE. 



WHEN a man speaks of a dog having plenty of bone, or 

 being light in bone, he generally refers to the long 

 bones of the legs; in the latter case the bones being of smaller 

 diameter than in the f oi-mer, which also has more stronjgly- 

 deyeloped ridges for the attachment of the muscles. Now, 

 though undoubtedly many fallacies exist as to the size of bone 

 required, it is impossible to state what amount is needed in a 

 class so divei-sifled as that of dogs, and where we get such 

 very different types of animals as the boarhound and toy ter- 

 rier in one class; thei'efore, one must leave to the sound judg- 

 ment of fanciers themselves, founded on common sense, what 

 they should breed for. It is my purpose in this article to point 

 out the uses of bone, especially as regards the long bones, ajid 

 some of the difficulties incurred in arriving at a right conclu- 

 sion. 



In the fii-st place, we have no original type to which we can 

 refer the whole class, dogs probably deriving then- origin from 

 several different species interbreeding, and wild dogs being, 

 without much doubt, descended fi'om domesticated dogs 

 which have deserted mankind and run loose, unless we in- 

 clude the wolf, jackal, and perhaps fox. Again, we have 

 such hereditary monstrosities as the basset hoimds to deal 

 with. I fancy, perchance, I am attacking some fanciers' fal- 

 lacies now. These facts will show how much depends on 

 fanciers and specialist clubs di-awing up a proper and fixed 

 standard for their favorite breeds. Now, as to the uses of 

 bone. Nature, with her unfathomed knowledge, has, as 

 usual, shown her wisdom by making the long bones hollow, 

 thus losing nothing in lateral strength, and at the same time 

 making them as light as possible. 



Those who are fond of mechanics should study the physiolo- 

 gical structiu'e of bone, than which nothing is more beauti- 

 fully planned for giving the gi-eatest amount of strength. It 

 is reckoned that bone is just twice as strong as oak, and that 

 one inch square of bone will support a weight of 5,000 pounds. 

 I should state also, without going too much into detail, that 

 bone is made up of one-thu-d animal matter (gelatin) and two- 

 thirds earthly ingredient (mostly phosphate of calcium), the 

 latter giving strength and the former elasticity; the long 

 bones are also more or less curved to give play to this elasticity. 

 Bones form the framework for the moulding and support of 

 the soft parts of the bodj^ and should therefore vary accord- 

 ing to the size of the animal ; they also form the joints for the 

 locomotion of the whole body, as well as for the movements of 

 individual parts. Natm-e here again has stepped in and made the 

 ends of bones larger and much lighter than the shaft so as to 

 give broad surfaces for articulation and attachments of muscles, 

 and lastly— I am referring to long bones only — act as levers 

 for the muscles in such a way as to obtain the greatest 

 mechanical advantage. Breedei-s should I'emember, then, in 

 breeding for bone they may lose m weight and coarseness 

 more than they gain in strength, destroying the dog's beauty 

 and hampering Qim in his flight, and. that nature has supplied 

 an article in bone remarkable for its strength and lightness, 

 with the greatest mechanical appliances to aid it. What better 

 guide can we follow than nature? 



Sir— In reply to ''Corsincon," 1 believe he will find in a few 

 text books the statement that there is a canal running down 

 the whole length of a hair, bub this is disproved by Weber, 

 "who has shown that the appearance of a central canal, and 

 of a softer internal than external material, has resulted from 

 microscopical erroi-s occasioned by the imequal refi-action of 

 light passing through their rounded or grooved surface.— 

 HaMm, tn the Stock Keeper. 



THE KENNEL HOSPITAL. 



THE skin diseases of the dog are usually supposed to be 

 included in the single term mange, and the only quali- 

 fication made, even by some good writers, is to describe simdry 

 varieties of mange. Now this crude method of classification 

 only perpetuates ignorance, and, under an appearance of 

 simplicity, causes confusion. Skin diseases are capable of a 

 clear division into two kinds — contagious and non-contagious. 

 The first are due to the irritation caused by animal or vegetable 

 parasites; the latter are due to constitutional causes or to the 

 injuries caused by chemical or mechanica 1 agents. Contagious 

 sldn diseases due to animal parasites we shall first consider, 

 J and commencing with the larger infiects- fleas, hce and ticks 

 — class them under the head verminous disease. 



Fleas. — I'liese insects cause great irritation to the dog, 

 giving lise to violent scratching, which injures the skin and 

 coat. In hot weather they are most active, but ai"e common 

 enough in winter. I am told by the owner of some "perform- 

 ing fleas" that they are very tenacious of life, hving from eight 

 to fifteen months when carefully treated. I do not believe 

 that it is a special variety that infests the dog, and I am 

 certain that they may exist for months without any connection 

 with that animal. Kennels, stables, hay, mats, carpets, etc., 

 may harbor fleas for many months when no dog has been 

 near to afford them sustenance. Hence, a great diflaculty in 

 freeing dogs from the annoyances. We may destroy every 

 flea in his coat one day and find him swarming with them a 

 few days after, having collected them from the various sub- 

 stances upon which they remain alive and active, but which 

 they immediately forsake for the happier hunting grounds 

 offered by the dog. There are many effectual agents for the 

 removal of fleas from the skin of the dog. Some are poisonous, 

 and some are not. Some are used with water, others dry, and 

 it is well to bear this in mind, as there are cases in which 

 washing or even wetting the coat is very dangerous. In cases 

 of acute iUness, such as distemper and some chesl affections, 

 it is very desu-able to get rid of the constant imtation caused 

 by fleas, audit is equally desirable to avoid moisture. In such 

 cases diy applications must be resorted to, and none is better 

 than the Persian insect powder dusted, rubbed, or blown into 

 the coat. Camphor is a harmless remedy which has been 

 recommended^ but it is not very effectual.' Even a saturated 

 solution in spirit only causes the fleas to fall insensible from 

 the coat. It does not kUl them, and they rapidly revive in the. 

 sunshine. Watery infusions of quassia, tobacco or stavescre 

 are efleclMal, but the last-mentioned is poisonous, and tobacco 

 veiy disagreeable. Quassia is unobjectionable, being non- 

 poisonous, free from color and smell, while very effective. 

 Two ounces of the chips to a gallon of water will form a good 

 infusion if allowed to macerate aU night. Into such a bath 

 small dogs and cats may be dipped, and, if the weather be 

 warm, allowed to dry themselves, thus retaining some of the 

 medicament on the skin and coat to protect them for a time 

 against further attacks. There are a number of medicated 

 dog soaps now sold which profess to kill fleas. Failure fre- 

 quently follows theirjuse, owing to an insufficient lather being 

 produced by the person using them. On the other hand, a 

 copious lather produced by a carbolic soap may injure the dog 

 if allowed to remain too long on the skin, or if not properly 

 rinsed out with plenty of water. Spratts' is not a carbolic 

 soap, and yet seems very effective against fleas. Of all carbolic 

 soaps I prefer Calvert's, simply because they are of definite 

 strength, and, therefore, one knows exactly what effects to 

 expect. The various sheep-dips are destructive to fleas, and 

 when properly made into a bath not dangerous, excepting 

 those containing arsenic, Avhichare to be avoided as dressings 

 for any animal likely to hck itself. To thoroughly get nd 

 of fleaa, whatever baths or applications are used must be re- 

 peated, and places likely to harbor the insects should be 

 cleansed ; mats, kennel s, straw, etc. , should never be neglected . 

 Pine sawdust or shavings are recommended instead of straw 

 as a bed. Hay should be avoided altogether, as it affords a 

 most favorable surrounding for vermin. 



Lice. — The dog louse resembles in form the human head louse . 

 It is not so active as the flea, and does not cause so much irri- 

 tation. It multiplies rapidly, depositing eggs upon the hairs 

 in the form of small white objects which adhere firmly, and 

 are known as nits. These eggs are hatched in about eight days, 

 and the young lice are in a few days able themselves to deposit 

 fresh eggs. The dog louse is found on all parts of the skin, on 

 the legs, body, and head, but a favorite spot is just behind 

 and below the ears, where the mts are to be plainly seen on 

 the hairs. In partially cured cases we may often hnd qtian- 

 tities of nits and only few living lice. No predisposition is 

 necessary to cause lousiness in animals. It is true that weak 

 debilitated dogs are often found to swarm with lice, but the 

 debility had nothing to do with their advent, it only favored 

 their development and increase. The dog louse does not 

 multipby on the human being, and soon ceases to exist off the 

 dog. The difliculty in getting rid of hce depends chiefly on 

 the eggs attached to the hairs, which are not injured hj the 

 dressing that kills aU the developed parasites. To effectuafly 

 rid a dog of hce we must either make use of an apphcation 

 which can be left on the skin for nine days, so as to cover the 

 whole period of latent life in the nits, or repeat our dressing 

 at an interval which will prevent newly-hatched lice from 

 reaching the age at which they are capable of depositing more 

 egg-s. Three dressings, with an interval of four days between 

 each, will do this. A dressing of equal parts of paraffin and oil 

 is safe and effectual, though nasty. Most of the soaps and 

 washes mentioned for the destruction of fleas will exterminate 

 lice if they be repeated as I have snggested. A solution of 

 sulphuret of potassium or sulphuret of calcium will be found 

 a useful agent, as is also the infusion of tobacco or stavesacre. 

 Sulphuret of calcium solution is made by boiling togehter lime 

 and sulphur— hme, lib. ; sulpnur 21bs. ; water, two gallons. 

 These are gi-adually mixed, then boiled down to about one 

 gallon, allowed to cool, and the clear- liquid pom-ed off for use. 

 It is a somewhat ca-astic solution, and should be mixed with an 

 equal quantity of water for use, and washed oft" a quarter of an 

 hour after being applied. An infusion of stavesacre is made 

 by macerating an ounce of the bruised seeds in a pint of warm 

 water. Tobacco may be employed in the same way, but 

 neither should be boiled, as the active principle is thus partially 

 lost. It has been pointed out by Mr. Dalziel that "the destnic- 

 tion of the dog louse is of vast importance not only because of 

 the discomfort it causes the dog but for the far weightier rea- 

 son that the louse is the medium for hatching the eggs and 

 assisting the development of the cucumerine tapeworm, a 

 variety of intestmal parasite from ten to twenty inches long 

 and veiy common in English dogs." Quoting Professor 

 Cobbold, he tells us how this occurs. The joints of the tape- 

 worm escaping from the dog become adherent to the hairy 

 coat; the eggs contained in them are readily swallowed by th 

 louse, in whose body they are hatched and constitute a cysti- 

 cercus or bladder-worm. The louse thus infected may be 

 swallowed by the dog, and thus the cvsticercus reaches the 

 intestine of the dog and develops into the mature tapeworm . 



Ticks are not such a common source of annoyance to the dog 

 as fleas and hce. They are, however, more difficult to destroy. 

 There are different views as to the manner in which they 

 attach themselves to the skin. I accept the explanation that 

 they plunge deeply into the skin a serrated beak, anatoiuicaUy 

 similar to the bee's sting. The giip thus obtained is such that 

 it is easier to break the insects than detach it. Ticks otter 

 quite a different appearance according to their state of disten 

 sion. From a small gray creature, not unlike the louse, they 

 alter to a dark-colored round object as large as a pea. When 

 few exist they maybe picked off. The stronger apphcations 

 recommended for lice may be used with confidence to remove 

 ticks.— IF. Hunting, F.R.C. V.S., in Land and Water. 



STRAYS. — Seven thousand dogs were taken to the New 

 Yoi-k pound in the season which closed last week. 



