Forest and Stream. 



A Weekly Journal of the Rod and Gun. 



Terms, $4 a Year. 10 Cts. a Copy. | 

 Six Months, $2. ) 



NEW YORK, OCTOBER 18, 188B. 



( VOL. XXV.-No. 13. 



( Nos. 39 & 40 Park Row, New York. 



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CONTENTS. 



Editorial. 



The "Forest and Stream" Tra- 

 jeciory Test. 



Teachers for the Indians. 



A Challenge from Galatea. 



The Canoeist and tneir Crincs. 



The Famine Winter. 

 The Sportsman Todrist. 



An Olflng. 



Hunting in the Himalayas.- viii. 



A W eek along the Gulf. 

 Natural History. 



The Antelope Goat. 



Florida Pines and Hamaks. 

 Game Bao and Gun. 



Whispers from the West. 



Camps in the Wilderness. 



A Magazine Rifle Accident. 



Quail— Bob W^hite— Partridge. 



The Adirondack Deer. 



An Unsuccessful Day. 



MoOse Hunting in New Bruns- ! 

 wick. I 



Colorado Game. 



Philadelphia Notes. I 

 Dakota Large Game. 1 



Sba and Rn'ER Fishing. 

 The Coming Tournament. 

 On Long Lake. 



FlSHCTTLTCRB. 



Work at Cold Spring Harbor. 

 The Kennel. 



The Philadelphia Dog Show. 



The Irish Setter Field Trials. 



Bad Show Management. 

 Rifle and Trap Shootdsg. 



Range and Gallery. 



Massachusetts Riiie Association 



The Trap. 

 Canoeing. 



SmallCruising Yachts vs.Canoes 



An Outrigger for Canoes. 



A Puritan Keel Boat. 



Cruise in a Canvas Tandem. 

 Yachting. 



Accommodations of a 30-Tonner 



A Reefing Gear for Jibs. 



Repairs and Alterations. 



An English View of the Races. 



Knickerbocker Y.C. Fall Regatta 



Whose Waterloo? 

 Answers to Correspondents. 



TEACHERS FOB THE INDIANS. 

 Y "17 HAT shall be done with the Indians? What measures 

 ^ * shall be taken to make them self-supporting, to civil- 

 ize them, to fit them for dtizenship? These are questions 

 which possess an ever increasing interest for us all. 



It is needless to refer to the past , to the horrible record of 

 shame which must ever remain a foul blot on our boasted 

 American civilization. That past we must lament, but its 

 wrongs cannot now be remedied. We are too much accus- 

 tomed to think that in years gone by the Indians were robbed 

 and ill treated, their lands taken from them by force or 

 fraud, and the supplies issued to them by the Government 

 passed over to swindlers who hang about the agencies, and 

 find it an easy matter to delude these simple and ignorant 

 people. All these things, we say, used to be done, but better 

 times have come and now the Indians are properly caved for. 

 Unhappily this is not the case. The shocking story of the 

 starvation of a tribe told on another page shows too clearly 

 how utterly at the mercy of a dishonest or incompetent man 

 these people still are. Nor is this an isolated case. The 

 same year that the Piegans starved, the Assinaboiues at 

 Poplar River on the Missouri, lost one-third of their number 

 from the same cause. A terrible amount of power is given 

 to an Indinn agent. He holds the welfare — indeed the lives 

 — of the p.ople under his charge in the hollow of his hand, 

 and if he be dishonest or incompetent, he can work an incon- 

 ceivable amount of mischief. And since among so many 

 agents some are almost sure to be worthless, it is evident that 

 by our present system the Indians are always in danger of 

 suffering. 



In years gone by, when many tribes were hostile, when an 

 apparently inexhaustible supply of buffalo and other game 

 roamed over the plains, when there were no raihoads in the 

 West and the settlements were few in number, the charge of 

 the Indians ought to have been transferred to the War 

 Department. Had this been done, hundreds of lives and 

 millions of money would have been saved. But the political 

 methods then in existence forbade this. To have given up 

 the charge of the Indians would have robbed the Interior 

 Department of a great deal of patronage and the number of 

 places which might be given as rewards to political 

 "workers" would have been decreased. Now, when the 

 West is so rapidly settling up, when the game is gone and 



the Indians are dependent on the supplies issued them by the 

 Government, there is less need of such a change. But the 

 Indians must be protected, must be supported, must be 

 (aught that if a man would live he must work. 



It is the fashion for those who have given no thought to 

 this que.stion to say, "If the Indian will not work let him 

 starve," Such a remark shows an utter lack of intelli- 

 gence on the part of the persons making it. One might as 

 well say to a bricklayei', '"If you will not make a watch you 

 may starve." An Indian knows how to do certain things, 

 because he has been taught. He can hunt, he knows how 

 to set traps, he can follow a trail. But he does not know 

 how to plow, or to drive a mowing machine, or to set type, 

 or to navigate an ocean steamer. And why? Because he has 

 never been taught. These things are all new to him. How 

 should he understand them? If the Indian— the wild Indi- 

 an of the plains and the mountains — is to become self-sup- 

 porting he must follow the white man's road and work; 

 but it is the duty of the Government wliich has taken from 

 him his country and his food to support him until he shall 

 have learned to work and to earn for himself that living 

 which he made before he had been deprived of it by the 

 whites. 



Farming and stock raising are the only two methods by 

 which the Indians of the West can become self-supporting. 

 But a know^ledge of farming is not born in a white man— 

 and still less in an Indian — nor does a babe imbibe with his 

 mother's milk experience in tlie stock business. These 

 are matters of education. An Indian must be taught how to 

 prepare the ground, how to sow the seed, to cultivate the 

 crop and finally how to gather in the harvest. He must be 

 taught how to use tools and implements, how to build 

 houses and barns, and how to care for his animals. 



At most agencies there is an employee who is termed the 

 agency farmer. He is supposed to teach the Indians how to 

 perform all the operations which we have enumerated, but 

 as a matter of fact his time is almost wholly taken up in 

 getting the agency crops into the ground, and in harvesting 

 them. Even if he devoted himself wholly to teaching the 

 Indians, he could accomplish very little, for on many agen- 

 cies there are several thousand Indians, and on very few 

 does the number run below one thousand. 



The Indians must be taught how to cultivate the ground 

 and raise crops, but this teaching must be done in an intelli- 

 gent way. To every twenty or thirty families a farmer should 

 be assigned,whose-duty it should be to devote himself wholly 

 to the task of teaching the men and older boys how to per- 

 form the various operations of farming. At first this culti- 

 vation would necessarily be in common, but after one season, 

 to those who show a disposition to work, wagons and tools 

 ■should be issued as they progress in knowledge, and they 

 should be encouraged to fence and cultivate pieces of land for 

 themselves, always under the supervision of an instructor. It 

 would be well to have the agent authorized to purchase from 

 them such portion of their crops as they might not need, 

 paying them in tickets, with which they could buy at 

 the agency store clothing, and such luxuries as they might 

 desire in the way of food. Great caie would have to be ex- 

 ercised in the selection of these teachers. They should be 

 men of discretion and judgment, for the Indian is not accus- 

 tomed to work in the fields, and will be easily discouraged 

 if all does not go well with his crop, or even by the long con- 

 tinued work. Firmness, judgment and a patient willingness 

 to explain things over and over again are essential requisites 

 in one who is teaching Indians. They are, after all, merely 

 grown up children. 



Besides these farmers, who, however, must be the main 

 dependence in this system of Indian education, there should 

 bft several carpenters and several blacksmiths; not, be it re- 

 membered, merely to do the agency work, which one man 

 can easily attend to, but to instruct such Indian boys as may 

 show a disposition to use tools. We have seen a number of 

 Indians who were good blacksmiths, and as farming comes 

 to be the pursuit of any tribe, there will be a great deal of 

 this kind of work to be done. 



We have touched very lightly on the measures to be taken 

 to render the Indians self-supporting and self-respecting at 

 the present time; only of the education of the adult Indians. 

 In many tribes the men have already come to acknowledge 

 the necessity of labor, and are taking hold with an energy 

 that is most praiseworthy, though with an ignorance that is 

 pathetic. They no longer feel that to work is disgraceful, 

 and are ready, if the opportunity is given them, to put their 

 hands to the plow. 



The consideration of a far more important subject — the 

 education of the young — must for the present be postponed. 

 On this depends the future of the race. 



THE FOREST AND STREAM'S TRAJECTORY TEST. 



AFTER ten days of field work the outdoor part of the 

 trajectory trials is virtually concluded, and a portion 

 of the immense amount of calculation over the screens has 

 been made. When it is understood that there are between 

 forty and fifty .separate tests, each to be made at two dis- 

 tances ami each again through three tissue paper screens, 

 and then finally to introduce five as a multiplier, for each 

 (inal trajectory is founded upon an average of five 

 shots, the reader may form some idea of the amount of care 

 and labor undertaken to get at that heretofore indefinite 

 quantity — the experimentally-deduced line of fire in our 

 standard American hunting rifles. 



As the trials have been in progress we have been favored 

 by visits at the range from many representatives of the firms 

 interested, a.s w^ell as by riflemen who take a personal in- 

 terest in the question under trial. There have been many 

 suggestions made and points of advice offered. Some of 

 these opened up pos.sible objections which might come up 

 after the trials had closed, for none knew better than we the 

 probability of hair-splitting theories and caviling censure 

 which come in a subject such as rifle shooting, where there 

 is so much rule o' thumb inaccuracy foisted upon a very 

 narrow platform of fact, founded upon actual scientific 

 experiment. It was to put a stopper to a great flood of 

 much of this wild talk and absurd claim that this expensive 

 and comprehensive series of tests were undertaken. They 

 will present in a standard form just what the rifles of to day, 

 fired with a given ammunition and under specified condi- 

 tions, are capable of doing— not in the way of accuracy, 

 for that involves an entirely different system of testing, but 

 what they do in regard to flatness of the flight line. 



THE CANOEISTS AND THEIR CRITICS. 

 ''T^HE small war that has waged in our columns for a few 

 weeks jiast between the canoemen and a rash critic who 

 dared to make a fierce onslaught on their beloved boats, is 

 not only amusing, but speaks well for the pluck and espint 

 da CQTps of the mosquito sailors, whose craft are measured in 

 inches, but whose spirit is in inverse proportion to the ton- 

 nage of their boats, as any one who dares to question the 

 many good qualities of the latter soon finds to his cost. 

 They are certainly ready with their pens, and have charged 

 with some effect on the latest intruder, and that they are no 

 less ready on the water is proved by the challenges that the 

 "cutter canoe'' has received, but which unfortunately he is 

 unable to answer this season. 



More than a year ago a friend of the humble but conveni- 

 ent sueakbox ventured to assert its superiority to the canoe 

 on all points, especially that of speed, and he met at once 

 with an equally warm reception, both in controversy and in 

 the shape of challenges, until he finally fled ingloriously from 

 the field with the assertion that, though his boat was the 

 fastest, he was not a racing man. After the poor showing 

 our big yachts have made against the English visitor in all 

 the open races, it is refreshing to turn to the fighting craft 

 of the canoe fleet, whose owners are even now taking steps 

 to provide an International Challenge Gup to induce English 

 canoeists to visit us ne:!.t summer, and one is apt to wish 

 that some of the true sporting spirit and fondness for racing 

 that is floating about in hundred-pound canoes could not be 

 transferred to some of our hundred-ton yachts. 



Among the Perils of Angling mentioned in these 

 columns was noted the case of a person holding a position of 

 trust, whose prolonged absence was accepted as a proof that 

 he had fled as a defaulter, but who was subsequently found 

 to be on a fishing excursion where the fish were abundant. 

 In contrast with this, a case has just come to light in which 

 an implement agent set out ostensibly on a hunting trip, but 

 actually to evade the officers of the law. The old joke of 

 the hunter hunted w-as here repeated, for the fugitive was 

 caught by 'the pursuers and lodged in jail. 



GAjME CojfPUTATiON.— In Oregon and Washington Terri- 

 tory they guess at the number of wild ducks and geese, 

 making the figures as high as possible, and then multiply 

 this by four. A Georgia man, in the Sixty eighth District 

 of Burke county, who has seen three flocks of wild turkeys, 

 with twenty to a flock, estimates the total number within 

 two miles of his house as 3,000. The Georgia computation 

 is a slightly more visionary method than that of the North- 

 west. 



Salmon in the Hudson. — The salmon fry placed in the 

 streams tributary to the Hudson have thrived, at least there 

 is evidence to show that some of them have done well. A 

 letter oh the subject will be given in our next issue. 



