Jan. 14. 1886.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



4 96 



SAIL PLAN OF ICE YACHT "ST. NICHOLAS." 



THE ICE YACHT ST. NICHOLAS. 



I^OT only tbe construction but the rig of icp. yachts has under- 

 •^^ gone a very great change within a few years past. The old 

 form of boats, shown in the upper left-hand figure, had the mast 

 placed directly over the runner plank, with a very long boom. The 

 new boats have the proportions of sail materially changed, the mast 

 being stepped forward of the runner plank, as in the large figure. A 

 thu-d rig has also come into use, the lateen, shown in th e upper 

 right-hand corner. This latter was used some ten years sin ce by Mr. 

 Borden, of Fall River, who rigged two hickory saplings for masts, 

 ibending them to meet at the top. Later on it was adopted in a more 

 .complete form on the Hudson and Shrewsbury, and now a number 

 ,oC boats are rigged on this plan. The sail, a regular lateen, is hung 

 from a yard supported by two| sheerlegs. the latter usually stepped 

 .on the runner plank and raking forward at the top, being held by a 

 ibackstay on each side, leading to the backstays from after end of 

 .centertimber to the runner plank. The rig shown in the figure is 

 'SlighDly different. The sheerlegs are stepped in a stout plank laid 

 Across the centertimber. and the backstays are led down to the 

 runner plank. The boom is held down by a ball and socket, or simi- 

 lar joint on the centertimber, under the point of suspension of the 

 .yard. 



The rig shown in the large figure is the one now most used. The 

 imast steij is an iron plate, screwed fast to the centertimber from 

 which a tenon, about Sx%m. and Sin. high, projects. The mast is 

 ffltted with a heel band and is flat on the bottom, with a mortise flt- 

 iting over the iron projection. There are two shrouds to each side 

 .of %m. wire rope, with 3in. deadeyes. The head of each shroud fits 

 <wuh an eye. over the mast and rests on wooden cleats instead of 

 ihounds, a similar cleat aft supporting the forestay. The throat hal- 

 liards lead down on starboard side to the fair leader shown below 

 the mast, thence aft to the cleat over the runner plank. The peak 

 halliards lead to the other chock and cleat on the same side. On the 

 port side is the jib halliard and also the purchase for the throat. The 

 ] lb tack IS made fast to the clevis, a. in previous drawing (Dec. 24) 

 V^J'S? ?.i^eet leads from a block on the traveler, thence to block on 

 club of Jib, thence through the traveler block and aft through a ^in. 

 hole bored m the heel of the mast, making fast to the cleat just for- 

 ward of the car. The main sheet leads from block on traveler, thence 

 through block near end of boom, thence through block on traveler 

 through an inner block on boom, thence to a third block on boom over 

 fore end of car, and down through a block hooked into the eyebolt 

 forward of the car From Here it leads through a hole in the car to a 



, cleat lashed to the hand rail. The ends of mast, boom and gaff are 

 worked down to rounded points. The mainsail is laced on the foot, 

 but a traveler and outhaiil are used to stretch the latter The pur- 

 chase for the outhaul consists of a cleat on boom with a sheave, and 

 aliddle block on the hauling part of tbe outhaul. The line is fast to 



-tiiie cleat, leads aft through the large side of the fiddle block, tben 

 torward over the sheave in the cleat, and aft through the second part 

 ot the fiddle block and to the cleat, where it belays. The canvas 

 used on iceboats is very heavy, some being of No. 4 duck, as the sails 

 must be set vei-y flat. The dimensions o( the sails and spars in the 



■.St. Nicholas are: 



Mast, over all 27ft 5in 



Mast, to jibstay 25ft. 8m. 



Mast, to main rigging 24tc. 



Mainsail, hoist igft. 



Mainsail, foot 26ft. 



Mainsail, head I4fc' 



Mainsail, leecb gsft. 



Mainsail, tack to peak 82ft. 



Mainsail, clew to throat Hjfr. 



MainsaU, area " 496 on ft 



Jib, luff ogft. 3in." 



Jib, foot 12ft 



Jib, leech ' zilt 



Jip, area 131 sq. f t. 



Diameter of mast at deck 5Uin. 



Diameter of mast at rigging 4in 



Diameter of boom " 4X^in 



Diameter of gaff s^in! 



The iron work of an iceboat is not galvanizad, but in the more ex- 

 pensive boats it is covered with varnish and silver bronze, the latter 

 m the form of a powder, being laid in the varnish as the varnish dries 

 When not m use the boats are anchored by blocking the runners off 

 the ice. It must be understood that in an ice yacht the boom is never 

 far off the quarter, but that even when going to leeward the sheet is 

 well in so tnat the stays and sheerlegs of the lateen ri ; are not in 

 the way. The following.are the principal boats owned on'the Hudson 

 River: 



POUGHKBEPSIE I. Y. C, POUGHKEEPSIE. 



Sail area. 



Sq. ft. 

 ...115% 



HUDSON RIVEE ICE YACHT CLUB, HYDE PARK. 



Yacht. 



* Ariel 



Arctic 



Avalanche 



*Bessie 



♦Blizzard. . . 



Borcis. 



Cyclone 



Dashaway . 



Owner. 



Sail Area, 

 Sq. ft. 

 187 



Port. 



.A. Rogers Hyde Park 



..N. P. Rogers Hyde Park 



.E. W. Sanford Roosevelt Point . . 



.N.P. Rogers Hyde Park 



.A. Rogers Hyde Park.. 



.1. Griunell New Hamburg 



,.J. R. Roosevelt Hyde Park 



R. R L. Clarkson Tivoli 



^^Fy L. Edwards Roosevelt Point AiS 



^^^^^.-■■-■■■-■■■^ov^ms & Parker Hyde Park 150 



tFlymg Cloud. ..I. Grinnell New Hamburg 610 



Galatea R. E. L. Clarkson Tivoli.. 410 



Gracie^ ..J.A.Roosevelt Roosevelt Point 493 



Grreat Scott E. H. Sanford Roosevelt Point. .599 



■ ■ ■ V J- A. Roosevelt Roosevelt Point 735 



JackFrost.. ..A. Rogers Hyde Park ;714 



Northern Light.. J. C. Barron Roosevelt Point 680 



Onteora H.Livingston Oatskill 443 



i""? - I- Grinnell New Hamburg 



Reindeer Beck & Kane Hvde Park '731 



Snow Flake E. P. Rogers Hyde Park. ;;;.:."..;::::'444 



Snow Ball P. C. Rogers Hyde Park 493 



St. Nicholas A. Rogers Hyde Park 627 



Whistler I. GrinneU New Hamburg . 375 



■^ero L Grinnell New Hamburg 750 



Yacht. O wner. 



Advance E Harrison Sanford 



Avalanche E. Harrison Sanford 



Fairy E. Harrison Sanford 348^'' 



Flash J. Reynolds 217 



Grace .R. B. Suckley 3741^ 



Gyp?y J. Norton Winslow 848 



Hare R. L. Knight 464 



Haze W. R. Innis 668 



Jennie J. M. Strong -24214 



Jessie W. H. Roe 213 



Jessie B Charles Lumb 2S6U 



Northern Light Dr. J. C. Barron 680 



Snow Bird Henry Bergh. Jr 182 



"Vikmg C. D. Smith 386 



Viva Dr. J. C. Barron .'4931^ 



NEW HAMBURG I. Y. C, NEW HAMBURG. 



First Class. 



tFlying Cloud I. Grinnell 620 



Quickstep Wm. Le Roy 745 



Zephyr James R. Lawson 688 



Zigzag .Harry Higginson '. 478 



Magic Th omas M . Davis . . ; 444 



Mischief William P. Drake ."498 



Ella VanWyck Brothers 439 



Second Class. 



Flyaway Temple Bowdoin 320 



Whiff Irving Grinnell .309 



Flying Dragon Irving Grinnell 378 



Boreas Irving Grinnell 319 



Puff Irving Grinnell 818 



Meteor j. f. Satterthv.'aite .949 



Comet J. P. Satterthwaite 387 



Halcyon Charles Le Roy 392 



Vision M. W. Coll.yer 390 



Phantom Wilham Van Wvck ■'381 



tSophie H. H. Hallock..r "280 



Dart F. R. Collyer ;g75 



* Lateen, t Cat rig. 



The following is a summary of the main races between iceboats 

 since 1869: 



1869— Haze. Aaron Innis. silver salver. $80. 



1871— Ella, T. V. Jolmston. silver pitcher, $100. 



1872- -Haze. Aaron tonis, club plate, $80; Haze, Aaron Innis, Booth 

 Cup; icicle, J. A. Roosevelt, Poughkeepsie challenge pennant; Haze 

 Aaron Innis, Roosevelt Cup, $125; Haze, Aaron Innis, ladies' pennant- 

 Arctic, J. E. Buckbout, silver prize, $50. 



1877— Restle.=s. O. H. Booth, club colors; Hail, Aaron Innis, club 

 colors: Snow Bird Henry Bergh, Jr., Poughkeepsie challenge pen- 

 nant; Gypsie, J. N. Winslow, silk pennant, $15. 



1880— Avalanche. E. H. Sanford, silver prize, $50 



1881— -Gypsie, J. N. Winslow, ladies' pennant; Icicle, J. A. Roose- 

 i^in colors; Icicle, J. A. Roosevelt, silver tiller, $50. 



1882— Avalanche, E. H. Sanford, silk pennant, $15; Gypsie, J. N 

 Winslow, silk pennant, $15. > » . 



