D. 0. b. and d. i. b. 



base each segment, 



~1 



Length, each of 

 six equal segments, 



j Si-$6 



Total 

 tree 

 height 









/ \ 







r Si "t 



D. b.h. ■ 



(outside bark) 



1 D. i. b. at 1-foot 

 (~ ~ stump height i 



r 



Ground level 



Figure 1. — Stem measurements that describe diameter and height for eaah sample tree. 

 Designated segments^ s , divide the total tree height into six equal segments. 



BASIC VOLUME COMPUTATION 

 PROCEDURES 



stem Total Wood Volume 



The volume of the middle four truncated segments of each tree was obtained by treat- 

 ing the segments as a cone frustrum, while the top segment was treated as a cone. The 

 volume of the base segment was obtained by calculating the stump volume as a truncated 

 cone and adding it to the remaining segment volume. The inside bark diameter was 

 obtained by subtracting double bark thickness from d.o.b. All segment and tree volumes 

 were developed from a computer program specifically written for the data. The volumes 

 were calculated in cubic feet for the entire stem, inside bark, including the stump and 

 top. 



Top Volume Above a Specified Diameter 



Top volume is defined as the volume, inside bark, of that portion of the stem 

 above a specified minimum top d.i.b., ranging from 2 to 8 inches. For trees in which 

 the specified minimum top diameter occurs low in the tree (for example, an 8-inch min- 

 imum top diameter in a 9-inch d.b.h. tree), top volume is further limited to that 

 portion of the stem above an 8-foot bole section. Utilization of at least an 8-foot 

 section above the stump is assumed, regardless of diameter. 



2 



