METHODS 



Since the long-range need is for information on managed stands, study areas were 

 in western white pine plantations between 25 and 50 years old containing permanent 

 roads constructed about the time of stand establishment. Plantations with obvious 

 stocking irregularity or low survival were not selected. [Some irregularities were 

 not obvious until data had been collected.) At each selected location, paired 1/20- 

 acre plots were established above and below the roads. Plots were 33 feet wide and 

 extended 66 feet into the stand from the top of the cut bank or from the top edge 

 of the road shoulder (figure 1) . The 24 plots were measured and grouped for subsequent 

 analysis as shovm in table 1. Soils in the Coeur d'Alene National Forest study areas 

 were Brown Podzolics developed from volcanic ash overlying and intermixed with 

 argillites and quartzites of the "Belt" formation; the Kaniksu National Forest study 

 area soils were developed mainly from coarse-textured glacial outwash. 



Roads were predominantly single-lane and outsloped at the time of measurement. 

 Judging by location and present condition, it is reasonable to assume that they were 

 maintained in an outsloped condition during most of the stand history. Road width, as 

 well as cut-and-fill dimensions were measured at each plot location. 



2 



