Kingery, James L.; Graham, Russell T.; White, Jeffrey S. Damage to first-year conifers 

 under three livestock grazing intensities in Idaho. Research Paper INT-376. Ogden, 

 UT: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station; 

 1987. 8 p. 



Animal and nonanimal damage to first-year tree seedlings was compared under 

 different cattle grazing intensities in three habitat types in northern and central Idaho. 

 Because of differences in cultural practices and physical conditions, the relationship 

 between grazing intensity and total tree seedling mortality and damage varied 

 between study areas. 



KEYWORDS: forest grazing, regeneration, animal damage 



