Blakely. A. D. Monoammonium phosphate: effect on flammability of excelsior 

 and pine needles. Res. Pap. INT-313. Ogden, UT: U.S. Departnnent of 

 Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment 

 Station; 1983. 17 p. 



The study quantified differences t^etween fire-retarding abilities of 

 nnonoammoniunn phosphate samples from five different sources. Ponderosa 

 pine needles and aspen excelsior fuel beds were spray-treated with different 

 levels of chemical solutions, dried, and burned under controlled laboratory 

 conditions. Flame spread and energy release rates were used for comparisons. 

 All five monoammonium phosphate samples proved to be equally effective. 



KEYWORDS: forest fire retardent, ammonium phosphate, monoammonium 

 phosphate, flame spread rate, energy release rate, chemical 

 manufacturing method 



The Intermountain Station, headquartered in Ogden, Utah, is one 

 of eight regional experiment stations charged with providing scientific 

 knowledge to help resource managers meet human needs and protect 

 forest and range ecosystems. 



The Intermountain Station includes the States of Montana, Idaho, 

 Utah, Nevada, and western Wyoming. About 231 million acres, or 85 

 percent, of the land area in the Station territory are classified as 

 forest and rangeland. These lands include grasslands, deserts, 

 shrublands. alpine areas, and well-stocked forests. They supply fiber 

 for forest industries; minerals for energy and industrial development; 

 and water for domestic and industrial consumption. They also provide 

 recreation opportunities for millions of visitors each year. 



Field programs and research work units of the Station are main- 

 tained in: 



Boise, Idaho 



Bozeman, Montana (in cooperation with Montana State Univer- 

 sity) 



Logan, Utah (in cooperation with Utah State University) 



Missoula, Montana (in cooperation with the University of 

 Montana) 



Moscow, Idaho (in cooperation with the University of Idaho) 

 Provo, Utah (in cooperation with Brigham Young University) 

 Reno, Nevada (in cooperation with the University of Nevada) 



T-r U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1983— 676-032/1009 REGION No. 8 



