SIMPLIFIED RULES FOR DEDUCTIONS 



Douglas Fir 

 Western Larch 

 Ponderosa Pine 

 Lodgepole Pine 

 White Pine (old growth) 

 Grand Fir (2nd growth on W. Pine 

 Site I & II) 



Spruce 



Grand Fir (old growth & 2nd growth 

 on all sites except W, Pine 

 Site I & II) 



■Alpine Fir 



Western Hemlock 



Fungi - E. tinctorium - Fomes 

 Pini - Deduct 1 log for 1 conk. 

 (Cull each log that has 1 or 

 more conks on it.) Figure rot 

 extends 4' up and 6' down from 

 conk, punk knot, or swollen 

 knot . 



Fungus - Echinodontium tinctorium 

 Rot extends 1 log below first 

 visible conk and 1 log above 

 last visible conk. 



Fungus - Polyporuous Schweinitzil , 

 velvet top fungus, causes butt 

 rot. Deduct from 2 '-8' (rarely 

 more) depending on fungus 

 development. 4' or 6% of tree 

 volume will take care of most 

 losses in 2nd growth, and 127o 

 in old growth trees infected. 



Western Larch Defect - Massed pitch & shake. 



Mature and over-mature has this 

 common defect and is evidenced 

 by heavy butt swell and very 

 thick ridges in bark of butt 

 log. Defect generally sounds 

 out where thick ridges in bark, 

 and butt swell, stop. 



White Pine (second growth) Rot generally progresses from 



butt upward. Figure rot extends 

 2* up from highest conk and 

 deduct portion of stem balow 

 this point. If only 1 conk is 

 visible up on the stem, deduct 

 8' or 12% of tree's volume. 



Douglas Fir 

 All Pines 

 E. Spruce 

 Larch 



Log 



position 

 in tree 



Percentage 

 ( Scribner 



number of 



distribution of 

 Decimal G) by log 

 16-foot logs per 



gross 

 s , for 

 tree 



merchantable volu^me 

 trees'' of indicated 





2 



3 



4 



5 



6 



7 



8 



9 . 





% 



% 



10 



% 



or 



10 



% 



or 

 /o 



07 



/o 



Butt 



58 



45 



37 



32 



27 



25 



24 



24 



2 



42 



53 



29 



26 



24 



22 



20 



19 



3 





22 



21 



20 



19 



18 



17 



11 



4 







13 



15 



15 



14 



14 



13 



5 









7 



9 



10 



11 



11 



6 











6 



7 



7 



6 



7 













4 



5 



5 



8 















2 



3 



9 



2 



Tree 

 total 



100 



100 



100 



100 



100 



100 



100 



100 



Includes following species: western white pine, ponderosa pine, 

 vhite fir, Engelmann spruce, hemlock and larch. 



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^ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING O F F 1 C E : 1 9 7 6-0-6 7 7-3 2 8 /fi a 



